Ap Us History Test 3

Front 1

Bull Run

Back 1

{manassas junction}
1861
Union suffers a crippling defeat and can't retreat because of traffic from picnicers

Front 2

Stonewall Jackson

Back 2

Roery E. Lee's best general
TURNINGPOINT:
dies at bull run-- shot by his own man

Front 3

Robert E. Lee

Back 3

Confederate general
stays general for whole war
better than northern generals

Front 4

Grant

Back 4

Proves himself at battle of Shiloh
Takes over the UNion army and goes to Virginia
"Grant the Butcher"- Throws untrained soldiers into battle
**Chases Lee's army, confederates keep retreating
finally Lee surrunders to Grant

Front 5

Total War

Back 5

War against everything in society. Nothing off limits.

Front 6

William Tecumseh Sherman

Back 6

Union general- wages TOTAL WAR

Front 7

David Farragut

Back 7

"Damn those torpedos!"
Union Admiral
Secures New Orleans
Secures Vicksburg

Front 8

Vicksburg

Back 8

Vicksburg Mississipi secured by the Union
Divides Confederacy in half

Front 9

Gettysburg

Back 9

South tries to invade North --> Gettysburg
Union Gen. Reynolds dies
Replaced by George G. Meade
PICKETTS CHARGE: South goes for one last charge
UNION VICTORY (TURNINGPOINT)

Front 10

Antietam

Back 10

McClellan's plans are found but he does not move fast enough

--> BLOODIEST BATTLE OF THE DAY
no one wins, but lee is prevented from entering maryland
23,000 casualties

Front 11

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 11

Says that salves in rebelling states are free
-- Does not free any slaves, but keeps Britain from supporting confederacy (South) so they don't seem racist

Front 12

Massachussets 54th

Back 12

Lead by Col. Robert Gould Shaw
Black Union soldiers

Front 13

Manumission

Back 13

Freedom of slaves. Some joined the army.

Front 14

Pickett's Charge

Back 14

AT GETTYSBURG: Southern Gen. Pickett goes for one last charge but loses
turningpoint
icon for the south

Front 15

Election of 1864

Back 15

Lincoln's re-election uncertain b/c Republican party was not liked by everyone
McClellan runs against him in the Democratic side

Lincoln decides to run with a Democratic Vice President- Andrew Johnson

--> Lincoln wins election

Front 16

Massachussets 54th

Back 16

Lead by Col. Robert Gould Shaw
Black Union soldiers

Front 17

Manumission

Back 17

Freedom of slaves. Some joined the army.

Front 18

Pickett's Charge

Back 18

AT GETTYSBURG: Southern Gen. Pickett goes for one last charge but loses
turningpoint
icon for the south

Front 19

Election of 1864

Back 19

Lincoln's re-election uncertain b/c Republican party was not liked by everyone
McClellan runs against him in the Democratic side

Lincoln decides to run with a Democratic Vice President- Andrew Johnson

--> Lincoln wins election

Front 20

Shiloh

Back 20

Battle where Grant proved himself

Front 21

90 Days War

Back 21

Union thinks the war will be short, but confederate generals are superior

Front 22

Anaconda Plan

Back 22

Lincoln's Union strategy
calls for a blockade of all union trade
Southern ships try to sneak by (monitor vs merrimack)

Front 23

Monitor Vs. Merrimack

Back 23

A standoff between an illegal Southern ship that was trying to avoid the Union's blockade and a Union ship

Front 24

Peninsula Campaign

Back 24

North plans to march South and seize Richmond- fails. Crushed at Bull Run

Front 25

George B. McClellen

Back 25

Appointed by Lincoln as commander and chief of the Army of the Potomac in 1861
inadequacy leads to battle of Antietam
Fired
Later seeks vengeance against Lincoln by running against him as the Democratic candidate

Front 26

Copperheads

Back 26

Clement Vallandigham- Banished to Canada
>Anti war, pro union
>mostly in the mid-west

Front 27

NYC Draft Riots

Back 27

The Conscription Act of 1862- said that you could pay $300 and the government would find a substitution {favors the rich}

Irish compete with blacks for jobs

--> 1863: Republicans, blacks and the wealthy are targeted in bloody riots

Front 28

John Wilkes Booth

Back 28

Actor who shoots Lincoln at Ford theatre in 1865
Related plots to kill Seward and Johnson fail

Front 29

Carpetbaggers

Back 29

Northerners who tried to profit from Southern destruction

Front 30

Scalawags

Back 30

Southerners who were former Unionists/ Whigs who helped the Radical Republicans in the South by accepting consequences of the war

Front 31

13th Amendment

Back 31

1865- Ends slavery

Front 32

14th Amendment

Back 32

1868- Mandates civil equality

Front 33

15th Amendment

Back 33

1870- Gives universal male suffrage

Front 34

Sharecropping

Back 34

Freedmen pay for farming materials, rent plot of land for owner & repay with crops, return hardly any money. Not much better than slavery.

Front 35

Literacy tests

Back 35

Virtually impossible tests that prevented uneducated freed slaves from voting, as well as poor whites

Front 36

Grandfather clause

Back 36

Circumvented literacy tests for whites, saying that if their grandfather could vote, they had suffrage

Front 37

Poll tax

Back 37

Payment to vote. Poor freed blacks could not afford it.

Front 38

Election of 1876

Back 38

Tilden vs. Hayes
Tilden wins popular vote but electoral committee is 7 dems, 7 reps + 1 independant

COMPROMISE OF 1876: Hayes is allowed to become president, must agree to appease democrats by pulling troops out of the south- END OF RECONSTRUCTION

Front 39

New South

Back 39

South Industrializes after the war

Front 40

Appomattox Courthouse

Back 40

The battle at which the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee surrendered to the Union Army under Grant

Front 41

Sherman's March

Back 41

Sherman and Union troops marched toward the Atlantic, making various union victories

Front 42

Battle of the Wilderness

Back 42

First battle between Grant and Lee-- Union continued offensive

Front 43

Little Round Top

Back 43

Battle at Gettysburg
Confederate army charged downhill but Union resisted

Front 44

Fort Sumter

Back 44

First battle of the civil war-- Confederate army opened fire at Union troops

Front 45

Solid South

Back 45

Southern = Consistently Democratic

Front 46

What was the difference between Presidential and Radical Reconstruction? Strengths? Weaknesses?

Back 46

LINCOLN:
A just and lasting peace
10% plan (later 3/5 plan)
Leniency towards South

RADICAL REPUBLICANS:
Sumner & Stevens believe that the South has forfeited constitutional rights and should be treated as a conquered territory

Front 47

Why did the Civil War go on so long? Was the North an inevitable victor?

Back 47

NORTH: Higher population, bank deposits, railroads/ canals, factories.

SOUTH: Better Generals
>James Longstreet
>Robert E. Lee
>Stonewall Jackson

Front 48

Know the Emancipation Proclamation well. Why was it issued? How would opinions on it differ across the country?

Back 48

All persons held as slaves within any state, or designated part of a state, the people be then, thenceforward, and forever free, and the executive governments of the United States will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons".

Did not actually do anything.
Keeps Britain from supporting the confederacy because it would make them look racist.

Front 49

What fueled the New York City Draft Riots? Was it really about the draft?

Back 49

THE CONSCRIPTION ACT OF 1862- Favored rich because you could pay for a substitution

>Poor Irish could not afford the $300 because they were competing with blacks for jobs

>Riots targeted Republicans (blamed for conscription), the wealthy (favored by conscription), and blacks (make Irish poor)

Front 50

What are the Civil War songs?

Back 50

The Battle Hymn of the Republic
The Battle Cry for Freedom
Johnny Comes Marching Home
Dixie

Front 51

Why did Andrew Johnson get impeached? Did he get convicted?

Back 51

TENURE OF OFFICE ACT- Says president can't fire civil officers without the senate

Johnson violated this by firing Benjamin Wade
Eager radicals impeach Johnson for this
He misses conviction by one vote