Us History Final

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ManifestDestiny

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a belief in the nineteenth century thatthe expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justifiedand inevitable. Belief that the UnitedStates not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast. Thisattitude helped fuel western settlement, Native American removal and war withMexico

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Erie Canal

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The Erie Canal opened in 1825 andconnected the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. Shipping goods from east to West was a trickyaffair because there were no railroads yet. Goods were transported at one-tenththe previous fee in less than half the previous time. In nine years, tolls had paid back the costof construction. Later enlarged and deepened, the canal survived competitionfrom the railroads in the latter part of the 19th century. Today, the ErieCanal is used mostly by pleasure boaters, but it is still capable ofaccommodating heavy barges.

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Elizabeth Cady Stanton

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Was a Prominent 19th century suffragistand civil rights activist. Helped organize the world’s first women’s rightsconvention in 1848, and formed the National Women’s Loyal League with Susan B.Anthony. Was an advocate for women’svoting rights, liberal divorce laws, and reproductive self-determination.

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Emancipation Proclamation

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wasa presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President AbrahamLincoln on January 1, 1863. The proclamation declared "that all personsheld as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforwardshall be free."

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Nat Turner

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Bornin Virginia on a plantation of Benjamin Turner. He was a black American slave who led the only effective, sustainedslave rebellion (August 1831) in U.S. history. He spread terror throughout the white South, his action set off a newwave of oppressive legislation prohibiting the education, movement, andassembly of slaves.

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

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Was an 1854 bill that mandated “popularsovereignty”–allowing settlers of a territory to decide whether slavery wouldbe allowed within a new state’s borders. Proposed by Stephen A. Douglas–Abraham Lincoln’s opponent in theinfluential Lincoln-Douglas debates–the bill overturned the MissouriCompromise’s use of latitude as the boundary between slave and free territory. The conflicts that arose between pro-slaveryand anti-slavery settlers in the aftermath of the act’s passage led to theperiod of violence known as Bleeding Kansas, and helped paved the way for theAmerican Civil War.

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Antietam

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In1862, The Battle of Antietam was the first battle of the Civil War to be foughton Northern Soil near Antietam Creek in Maryland. It was the bloodiest single day in AmericanHistory. In the end the Union Forceswon.

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Wilmot Proviso

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The Wilmot Proviso was designed toeliminate slavery within the land acquired as a result of the Mexican War. Soon after the war began, President James K.Polk sought the appropriation of $2 million as part of a bill to negotiate theterms of a treaty. Fearing the additionof a pro-slave territory, Pennsylvania Congressman David Wilmot proposed hisamendment to the bill.

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Trail of Tears

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In1838 and 1839, as part of Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy, the Cherokeenation was forced to give up its lands east of the Mississippi River and tomigrate to an area in present-day Oklahoma. The Cherokee people called thisjourney the "Trail of Tears," because of its devastating effects. The migrants faced hunger, disease, andexhaustion on the forced march. Over 4,000 out of 15,000 of the Cherokees died.

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Frederick Douglas

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FrederickDouglass (1818-95) was a prominent American abolitionist, author and orator.Born a slave, Douglass escaped at age 20 and went on to become a world-renownedanti-slavery activist. He edited an influential black newspaper and achieved internationalfame as an inspiring and persuasive speaker and writer.

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Constitutional Union Party

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TheConstitutional Union Party was a political party in the United States createdin 1860. It was made up of conservative former Whigs who wanted to avoid secessionover the slavery issue.

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Compromise of 1850

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resolveddivisions over slavery in the territory gained in the Mexican-American War. Itconsisted of laws admitting California as a free state, creating Utah and NewMexico territories with the question of slavery in each to be determined bypopular sovereignty, settling a Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute in theformer’s favor, ending the slave trade in Washington, D.C., and making iteasier for southerners to recover fugitive slaves.

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Abraham Lincoln

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Thesixteenth president of the United States of America. He was a self-taught Illinois lawyer who ismost famous for the Emancipation Proclamation that freed all slaves. He also gave the famous Gettysburg address afew months after the Union forces won the battle of Gettysburg. He was born in Kentucky, grew up in Indiana,and became a lawyer in Illinois.