Us History Eoc Study Guide

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-Quakers

-Catholics

-Religious Tolerence

-Flexible social structure

All of these terms are associated with what colonial North American region?

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Middle Colonies

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In 1636, Roger Williams was expelled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and founded Rhode Island, because he supported

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A separation of church and state

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What product was instrumental in bringing about economic stability in the early years of the Virginia colony?

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Tobacco

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New York

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Considered a "Mid-Atlantic"/"Middle" colony in North America?

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The "Middle Passage" referred to

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The transportation of slaves from Africa to the New World

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The system known as "Triangular Trade" involved

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North America, Europe and Africa

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The reason for African slaves being brought into the British colonies in Southern North America in the 17th century was because

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The economy of Southern colonies needed cheap labor

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Preachers of the Great Awakening in 18th century America would have been most likely to give a sermon focusing on

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Repenting of one's sins in order to be saved from eternal damnation

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Why did American colonists resent British taxes?

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They did not offer the American colonists any protection from the French and the Indians.

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How did the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, and the Intolerable Acts encourage American colonists to consider revolution against British rule?

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By raising taxes in the american colonies without granting the colonies any representation in Parliment

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Thomas Pain's "Common Sense"

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Pointed out the absurdity of continued loyalty to King George III

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The French-Indian/Seven Years War is often viewed by historians as being the factor in causing the American Revolution because

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The high cost of the war meant Parliament had to create new taxes in the American colonies.

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Britain responded to the Boston Tea Party by

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Enacting a new set of taxes known as the Townshed Acts

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A major philosophy expressed in the Declaration of Independence was

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A belief in the natural rights of citizens

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Both John Locke and Thomas Jefferson wrote about the natural rights of man. In what document are these "unalienable rights" specifically mentioned?

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the Declaration of Independence

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One of the central reasons for the military success of the United States in the American Revolution was

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Financial and military assistance from France

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What did the ideas of John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau have in common?

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The philosophies inspired the American and French revolutions

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The Battle of Yorktown is significant in the American Revolution because

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The British Army surrendered after being surrounded there, marking the end of the war

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One reason why the Constitution was adopted over the Articles of Confederation was

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Shay's Rebellion revealed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

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The Articles of Confederation represented the Americans' distrust of

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A strong central government

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Why did the Anti-Federalists push for the addition of a Bill of Rights to the United States Constitution?

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They believed the people's liberties needed protection from the government

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What accurately reflects a WEAKNESS in the Articles of Confederation?

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There was no separation of powers

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Describe the government outlined in the United States Constitution

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Power is divided among legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

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The Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise both dealt with

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The representation of states in Congress

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Those who supported adoption of the Constitution were called

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Federalists

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The Louisiana Purchase of 1803

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Almost doubled the area of the U.S. and gave it control of the Mississippi River.

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This cartoon refers to the Monroe Doctrine issued in 1823. The Monroe Doctrine was intended to prevent Europe expansion in

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South America

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The United States declared war on Great Britain in 1812 because

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The British navy repeatedly seized American merchant ships

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After the Erie Canal was constructed

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New cities were built along the shores of the Great Lakes

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The War of 1812 resulted in

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The United States maintaining its previous strength

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During the early 1800's the British Navy began to take U.S. sailors and sea merchants captive during the early 1800s, forcing them to work on British ships. What was this practice called?

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Impressment

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Manifest Destiny advanced the belief that

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God was on the side of American expansion

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The cotton gin, new farmlands in the west, and the demand for cotton in northern and European textile factories led to

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An increase in demand for slaves in the years leading up to the Civil War

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Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized a national meeting at Seneca Falls in 1848. The primary purpose of this convention was to organize the

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Woman's sufferage movement

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What technological development led to an increased demand for slaves in the United States during the early- to mid- 1800s?

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The cotton gin

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An example of the concept of Manifest Destiny in action is

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The annexation of Mexican territory

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The Nullification Crisis of 1832 centered around

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Southern opposition to tarrifs

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All of these prominent names were figures in WHICH social movement?

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Abolitionists

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Example of a conflict over states' rights

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Nullification Crisis

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Who was the most vocal opponent of the Tarrif of 1828 and advocated "States Rights" and "Nullification" in the growing sectional conflicts between North and South?

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John C. Calhoun of South Carolina

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Angelina and Sarah Grimke were sisters from South Carolina and are MOST notable as being 19th century

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Abolitionists

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Describes the efforts of William Lloyd Garrison

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Urged immediate emancipation of slaves in the United States

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Calhoun's opinions regarding the Tariff of 1828 reflect the political philosophy behind the ___ movement

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Nullification

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Two of the MOST important effects of the American victory in the War with Mexico were

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The acquisition of California and New Mexico

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Which BEST describes the social and political philosophy of the Underground Railroad "conductor" Harriet Tubman?

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Slaves should escape slavery using whatever means were available to them

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Dread Scott v. Sandford (1856)

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Ruled slaves to be property and incapable of becoming citizens

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General William T. Sherman's "March to Sea" was important to the Union war effort because

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Important railroad tracks were destroyed, servering supply lines for Confederate forces

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The event MOST LIKELY occurring due to the 1860 presidential election of Lincoln was

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The secession of South Carolina from the Union

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Who became the second president of the United States and is known as the "father of the navy" because he created the Naval department?

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President John Adams

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Unlike followers of Jeffersonian Democracy, people who supported Jacksonian Democracy

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Opposed property rights being linked to voting rights

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Which economic reform occurred during the Progressive era?

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Banning of child labor

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Measures that ensure equal opportunities for women in employment are called

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Affirmative action

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What president's visit to communist China was seen as a success by Americans?

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Richard Nixon

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What was the goal of President Llyndon B. Johnson's "Great Society" program?

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Ending poverty and racial discrimination

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Early in his Presidency, Abraham Lincoln declared that his primary goal as President was to

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Preserve the Union

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How did the Missouri Compromise deal with the issue of slavery?

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It prohibited slavery in most of the former Louisiana Territory except for Missouri

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Which law is being described here?

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Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

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Supreme Court case that had the BIGGEST impact on slaves in the United States

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Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

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During Reconstruction, the Black Codes

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Were laws passed by mainly Southern states to keep Frican Americans in a system of virtual slavery

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The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments reflected the growing 19th century American trend of

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Recognizing the basic civil liberties of all races

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The purpose of the Freedman's Bureau was to

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Provide work, education, and relief for former slaves

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Presidential Reconstruction following the American Civil War can BEST be described as

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A desire to rebuild the country quickly and without I'll feelings following the war

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Scalawag

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A white southerner who supported northern Reconstruction policies after the Civil War

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One of the main reasons John D. Rockefeller was able to succeed in the oil industry was because he

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Combined vertical and horizontal integration

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What helped to further the Westward Expansion in the United States after 1865?

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Transcontinental Railroad

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By creating monopolies and establishing trusts, industrial leaders of the late 1800s

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Were able to accumulate vast amounts of wealth

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Standard gauge, standard time, and the Pullman Car all had a tremendous impact on what industry?

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Railroad

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Which labled area was home to the growing meat-packing industry of the late 1800s?

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B

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Businessmen during the Gilded Age of the late 19th century often favored relaxed immigration laws because they

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Valued cheap and relatively unskilled labor

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The Pullman Strike (1894) was significant in American labor history because it showed that

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The needs and concerns of union members mattered less to the government than the needs and concerns of industrial executives

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This photography by Jacob Riis (1889) reflects the conditions that would have been found in

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Industrial areas

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"The Condition of the Laboring Man at Pullman."

This political cartoon was published in the 1890s and points to the growing

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Disparity in wages between laborers and industrialists

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The purpose of the Jim Crow laws was to

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Create as much division between the races as possible

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Jane Addams's "Hull House" of the late 19th century was

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Created to help adjust immigrants into the US

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Plessy v. Ferguson

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The separate facilities for both races be of equal equality

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The direct election of U.S. Senators, women's suffrage, and greater government regulation of large industries were all issues of importance in the early 1900s to the

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Progressives

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Upton Sinclair's The Jungle impacted the passage of the

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Meat Inspection Act in 1906

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Theodore Roosevelt is often called a "Progressive" President. What would BEST be an example of this label?

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He supported passage of the Food and Drug Act of 1906

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What group was founded by W.E.B DuBois and others in 1909 to promote equal treatment of Blacks in America?

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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

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All of these territories came under the control of the United States following what conflict?

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Spanish American War

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The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine called for

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Intervening in Latin American countries that could not pay their debt to European creditors

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In 1882, Congress passed an "exclusion act" which prevented the immigration of workers from what country for 10 years?

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China

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A major reason why the United States oversaw the building of the Panama Canal was to

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Increase the mobility of the U.S. naval fleet

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The MOST important result of the Spanish American War was that it

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Set up a colonial empire for the U.S. and set the U.S. on the road to empire

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When World War I began, the official United States policy was

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To remain military and politically neutral

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What was a factor in the United States entrance in World War I?

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German unrestricted submarine warfare

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In what is known as The Great Migration, large numbers of African Americans moved from the rural south to northern cities, beginning in the early twentieth century. What motivated this large-scale movement?

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Job openings due to industrial growth in northern cities