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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Arteriole |
Small artery |
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Calyx |
Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis |
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Catheter |
Tube for injecting or removing fluids |
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Cortex |
Outer region of an organ |
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Creatinine |
Nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
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Cystoscopy |
Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope |
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Diabetes insipidus |
Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effect |
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Diabetes mellitus |
Insulin is not secreted adequately or not properly used in the body |
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Dialysis |
Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood (artificial kidney machine) |
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Electrolyte |
Chemical element that carries and electrical charge when dissolved in water - necessary for functioning muscles and nerves |
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Erythropoietin |
Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells by the bone marrow |
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Filtration |
Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter |
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Glomerular capsule |
Collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus |
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Glomerulonephritis |
Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney |
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Glomerulus |
Tiny ball of capillaries in a nephron of the kidney |
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Hilum |
Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
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Interstitial nephritis |
Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules |
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Kidney |
One of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in lumbar region - filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine |
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Lithotripsy |
Shock waves are used to crush urinary tract stones |
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Meatus |
Opening or canal |
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Medulla |
Inner region of an organ |
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Nephrolithiasis |
Renal calculi |
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Nephron |
Functional unit of the kidney - combination of the glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption and secretion take place |
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Nephrosis |
Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine |
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Nitrogenous waste |
Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in the urine |
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PKD |
Multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney |
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Potassium |
Electrolyte regulated by the kidney - essential for muscle contraction and conduction of nerve impulses |
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Pyelonephritis |
Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
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Reabsorption |
Process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
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Renal angioplasty |
Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries |
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Renal artery |
Vessel that carries blood to the kidney |
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Renal biopsy |
Removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination |
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Renal pelvis |
Central collecting region in the kidney |
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Renal transplant |
Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient |
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Renal tubule |
Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration |
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Renal vein |
Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney |
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Renin |
Hormone secreted by the kidney - raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction |
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Sodium |
An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidney - required for nerve impulses, heart activity, and metabolic functions |
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Urea |
Major nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
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Ureter |
One of the two tubes leading from the kidney to the urinary bladder |
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Urethra |
Tube leading from the urinary bladder to outside the body |
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Urinary bladder |
Hollow, muscular sac that hold and store urine |
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Urinary catheterization |
Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder |
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Urination |
Process of expelling urine (micturition) |