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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Urinary System
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Maintains water balance and removes nitrogenous wastes from the body
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Nitrogenous Waste
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Metabolic processes produce waste in the form of nitrogen. This waste is removed from the blood by filtration of the kidneys (specifically the glomerulus) and makes up part of urea
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Waste Removal Process
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- Products left over from chemical reactions within cells leaves the cell via diffusion
- This metabolic waste travels in the blood - Filtered from the blood and transferred to the bladder (via the ureter tubes) by the kidneys - Gathered in the bladder - Leaves the body via the urinary tract (urethra) |
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Kidney
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A pair of organs which filter waste from the blood. They also play a part in maintaining pH of the blood by excreting those ions which are in excess
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Medulla
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The innermost section of the kidney which contains the collecting duct and Loop of Henle of the nephrons and is made up of sections known as "renal pyramids"
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Renal Pyramids
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Consist mainly of tubules which transport and collect urine produced in the cortex before the urine passes to the ureter
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Cortex
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The outermost section of the kidney which holds the glomerulus and convoluted tubules of the nephron
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Nephron
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Long tubules which are the functional unit of the kidney. The nephron is the structure that actually produces urine in the process of filtering the blood
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Glomerulus
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A cluster of capillaries within the nephron which filters blood at high pressure
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Bowman's Capsule
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A capsule-shaped membranous structure surrounding the glomerulus of each nephron, serving as a filter
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Collecting Ducts
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A series of tubules and ducts that connect the nephrons to the ureter and plays a part in electrolyte and fluid balance
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Loop of Henle
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Part of the nephron structure which lays in the medulla of the kidney. Principal function: the recovery of water and salt from urine
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Ureter
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The duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder
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Bladder
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A membranous sac in which urine is collected for excretion
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Urethra
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The tube that leads from the bladder which transports and discharges urine outside the body
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Convoluted Tubules
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Intricate tubing of the nephron which specialises in re-absorption
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What Happens Where
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Kidney Diagram
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ADH
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Anti-diuretic hormone: conserves and prevents excess loss of water via urine from the kidneys
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Osmoregulation
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The maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentrations
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Homeostasis
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The tendency of an organism/cell to regulate its internal conditions and attempt to achieve equilibrium
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