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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GERD |
gastric contents floss upward into the esophagus. caused by an inability of the cardiac sphincter to close fully
Pathophysiology common in conditions which cause increased intraabdominal pressure to push the stomach upwards examples obesity and pregnancy |
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GERD |
assessment dyspepsia pain dysphagia esophagitis hematemesis malena anemia esophageal strictures Diagnosis Barium swallow endoscopy |
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GERD |
treatment proton pump inhibitors H2 receptor antagonists
surgery Nissan fundiplication esophageal dilation |
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Hiatal hernia |
protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm up into the thoracic cavity pathophysiology pregnant aging obesity assessment heartburn excessive bleeding epigastric pain that occurs after eating pain worsen when bending over or lying down diagnosis endoscopy sx- symptoms treatment proton pump inhibitors H2 receptor antagonists antacids surgery Nissen fundiplication |
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nursing management for hernia |
avoid food that tend to cause loosening of the cardiac sphincter
alcohol caffeine foods high in fat weight loss if needed elevate HOB avoid food or drink several hrs before bed time |
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PUD |
a loss of tissue in the lower end of the stomach, esophagus, or duodenum peptic or gastric ulcers are located in the stomach likely to reoccur after treatment increase risk of cancer in the stomach males are more effected 30-60 years peak occurance common causes prolonged stress burns- curling ulcers trauma prolonged NPO status prolonged NSAID use |
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PUD |
Greatest risk factor h.pylori bacteria fecal to oral assessment radiating epigastric pain anemia burning pain pain is worse when stomach is empty or several hrs after meal malena hematemesis diagnosis upper gi endoscopy CBC anemia |
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PUD |
treatment avoid foods which increase gastric acid production older guidelines avoid milk and milk products alcohol caffeine and black pepper new guidelines eat what doesn't bother you or cause symptoms |
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bismuth |
heals lesions |
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antacids |
decrease gastric acidity |
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h2 receptor antagonists |
block h2 receptor in the stomach which decrease acid production in the stomach |
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cytoprotective |
form a protective coating over lesion |
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proton pump inhibitors |
decrease gastric acid production in parietal cells |
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antibiotic used to treat h. pylori |
tetracycline metronidazole semi synthetic penicillins erythromycin |
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gastrectomy |
partial or subtotal- usually and anterectomy removal of the Antrum where most gastric acids are produced total- removal of the entire stoma h esophagus anastomosis to duodenum |
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vagotomy |
vagal nerve that supplies the stomach is severed which decreases gastric acid production |
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Billroth 1 |
removal of distal part of stomach remaining stomach anastamosed to duodenum |
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billroth 2 |
removal of distal part of stomach part of the duodenum stomach anastamosed to jejunum |
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complication of gastrectomy |
reduction of the stomach size resulting in dumping syndrome hypertonic chime leaves the stomach and empties in to the duodenum causes hypovelemolia |
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dumping syndrome |
syncope weakness dizziness sweating palpatations. DNV abdnomial cramps hypoglycemia hypotension |
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preventing dumping syndrome. |
small frequent meals meals low in monoscccharides do not drink fluid with meals lie down for 30 min after meals bed rest if dizziness and syncope occur for 30-60 min |
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stomach cancer |
a malignancy characterized by either and enlarged mass or ulcerating lesion that expands or penetrates several tissue layers of the stomach often metastasizes to the liver risk factors achlorhydria food toxins preservatives sodium nitrate food dyes burnt or charcoal cooked foods increases nitrates assessment early sense of fullness after eating anorexia weight loss anemia late occult blood in stool pos hematest guaiac pain is a late symptom anemia |
