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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene |
the most basic physical unit of heredity; a segment of nucleic acid that codes for a functional unit of RNA and/or a protein |
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DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics |
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Nucleotide |
an organic compound that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base; the basic building block of a nucleic-acid chain |
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Purine |
a nitrogenous base that has a double-ring structure; one of the two general categories of nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA; either adenine or guanine |
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Pyrimidine |
a nitrogenous base that has a single-ring structure;one of the two general categories of nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA; thymine, cytosine, or uracil |
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DNA replication |
the process of making a copy of DNA |
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DNA helicase |
an enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication |
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DNA Polymerase |
an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the DNA molecule |
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RNA |
ribonucleic acid, a natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis |
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gene expression |
the manifestation of the genetic material of an organism in the form of specific traits |
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transcription |
the process of forming a nucleic acid by using another molecule as a template; particularly the process of synthesizing RNA by using one strand of a DNA molecule as a temo0 |
