Unit 7 - 2 Microbiology

Front 1

purulent pus filled conjunctivitis

Back 1

bacterial

Front 2

water exudate conjunctivitis

Back 2

viral

Front 3

normal ocular flora

Back 3

gram positive organisms;

s. epidermidis (resistant to lysozymes in tears)

gram negative very uncommon

Front 4

acute mucopurulent conjunctivitis

Back 4

s. aureus (adults)
s. pneumoniae (children)

unilateral hyperemia, tearing mucopurulent discharge and mattering of the eyelids

Front 5

hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis

Back 5

huge amounts of pus and green discharge = NEISSERIA gonorrhoae or neisseria meningitidis; sexual contraction

Front 6

chronic bacterial conjunctivitis

Back 6

staphylococus

Front 7

Back 7

acute mucopurulent

Front 8

Back 8

older pts; chronic; staph has colonized and is living in eyelids; lacrimal gland as a source or glands under hair follicles; flaking + loss of eyelashes

Front 9

Back 9

hyperacute purulent coinjunctivitis; usually neisseria; always consider that they have chlamydia

tx for chalmydia and neisseria

Front 10

why membranes good portals of entry

Back 10

moist; stratified nonkeratinized (no border protection) epithelium; highly vascularized = good source of nutrients for organisms

Front 11

lysozymes

Back 11

hydrolyzes b1-4 linkages in peptidoglycan which destroys gram positive orgainsms (large peptidoglycan layer); however staph epidermidis is resistant to tears which is weird

Front 12

Back 12

tear film

lipid layer; pseudomonas can bind to lipid layer
water layer; motile, can swim
mucin layer; pseudomonas has adhesion pilli that allow it to adhere to the conjunctiva

Front 13

lactoferrin

Back 13

binds to free iron and competes w bacterial for this essential cofactor

Front 14

follicular response

Back 14

swelling of the lymphoid tissue in the eye; big edematous eyelid; yellowish white, discrete round elevation of conjunctiva produced by lymphocytic response; however bacteria may be able to take advantage of all the nutrients brought by the swelling

Front 15

adenoviris mechanism of attachment to conjunctiva

Back 15

cop-opts lactoferrin as a bridge to get into eye; uses receptor on surface of epithelium to trigger response and get into cell

Front 16

s. epidermidis mechanism of attachment to conjunctiva

Back 16

resistance to lysozyme and less susceptible to lactoferrin

Front 17

neisseria, haemophilus, vibiro cholerae mechanism of attachment to conjunctiva

Back 17

have lactoferrin receptors

Front 18

pseudomonas mechanism of attachment to conjunctiva

Back 18

bedridden indviduals in hospital; eyes and urinary tract; flagella for motility; fimbriae/pili which allows for adherence to host tissue

can cause ulceration by binding to injured epithlial edge via fimbriae or pili

elastase promotes invasion while proteases provide protection from host defenses

Front 19

s. aureus mechanism of attachment to conjunctiva

Back 19

produces alpha toxin to kill cells (hemolyins, proteases, lipases, superantiigens)

Front 20

s. pheumoniae

Back 20

encapsulated so avoids phagocytosis, produces pneumonlysin to cause corneal damage

Front 21

Trachoma

Back 21

chronic infection by chalmydia trachomatis A and C, causes follicular keratoconjunctivitis, mcc preventable blindenss in the world

turns eyelid in which scratches the cornea causing scarring/opacities

Front 22

chalmyudia trachomatous life cycle

Back 22

EB bodies metabolically inactive, invade cell, produce RB bodies metabolicaly active but noninfectious, as RB bodies increase in number they become EBs which lyse the cells and are now infectious

Front 23

artts line

Back 23

horizontal line of conjunctival scarring; leads to scratching of cornea

Front 24

best tx for inclusion conjunctivitis

Back 24

system tetracycline; but dont give to young children or pregnant lactating women (can give erythromycin instead)

Front 25

parinauds ocularglandular conjunctivitis

Back 25

primarily caused by bartonella henselae "catch scratch fever" - rod shaped, gram negative, flagellated, flea vector infects kittens

Front 26

acanthamoeba conjunctivitis

Back 26

found in swimming underwater or diving; rare; blocked nose with altered sense of taste and smell

classic ring infiltrate after progression of the gray white superficial nonsuppurative infiltrate found in central or paracentral cornea

Front 27

blastomyces

Back 27

broad based budding; sound in southeast

Front 28

sporothrix schencki

Back 28

conjunctivitis + arthritis affecting weight bearing joints

daisy petal formation

Front 29

viral conjunctivitis organism playing odds

Back 29

adenovirus

Front 30

pharyngoconjunctival fever (adenovirus 3,4,7)

Back 30

triad of pharyngitis, fever and conjunctivitis; mild watery discharge (viral) from eye; hyperemia (edema of conjunctiva)

Front 31

epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

Back 31

much more serious than pharyngoconjunctival fever;

Front 32

adenovirus

Back 32

icosahderal, dsDNA, early genes (E1A/E1B - prevent apoptosis in the cell that it infects, enhances cell replication = oncogenic) and late genes (capsimer proteins)

coxsackie adenovirus receptor (CAR)

Front 33

adenovirus MHC I expression

Back 33

buys time until cell killing by NK cells

Front 34

Back 34

apollo disease (acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis)

caused by coxsackei virus and enterovirus; rapid onset of servere, painful papillary conjunctivitis; sever ehemorrhage