Unit 6: The Lower Body And Lower Extremities

Front 1

PELVIS/PELVIC AREA

Back 1

BONY STRUCTURE THAT ARTICULATES WITH THE LOWER LIMBS AND SUPPORTS THE SPINE.

Front 2

ILIUM

Back 2

ALSO KNOWN AS THE HIP BONE; LARGE BROAD BONE THAT FORMS THE LARGEST PART OF THE PELVIS; ALSO CALLED THE INNOMINATE BONE

Front 3

ISCHIUM

Back 3

LOWER PORTION OF THE HIP BONE ON WHICH THE BODY RESTS WHILE SITTING

Front 4

PUBIC BONE

Back 4

LOWER, ANTERIOR PART OF THE ILIUM

Front 5

SACRUM

Back 5

LARGE BONE THAT FORMS THE BACK OF THE PELVIS, LOCATED BETWEEN THE FIFTH LUMBAR VERTEBRA AND THE COCCYX.

Front 6

COCCYX

Back 6

LOWEST PORTION OF THE SPINAL COLUMN; IN ADULTS, RESULTS FROM THE FUSION OF FOUR SMALLER VERTEBRAE. ALSO CALLED THE TAILBONE.

Front 7

FEMUR

Back 7

BONE THAT EXTENDS FROM THE HIP TO THE KNEE; LONGEST AND STRONGEST BONE IN THE BODY. ALSO CALLED THE THIGH BONE.

Front 8

PATELLA

Back 8

LENS-SHAPED BONE LOCATED IN THE FRON TOF THE KNEE; ALSO CALLED THE KNEECAP

Front 9

TIBIA

Back 9

LARGER OF THE TWO LOWER LEG BONES; LOCATED ON THE INSIDE OF THE LEG

Front 10

FIBULA

Back 10

SMALLER OF THE TWO LOWER LEG BONES; LOCATED ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE LEG

Front 11

ANKLE BONES

Back 11

LOWER PORTIONS OF THE TIBIA AND FIBULA

Front 12

MALLEOLI

Back 12

PLURAL OF MALLEOLUS

Front 13

LATERAL MALLEOLUS

Back 13

LOWER END OF THE FIBULA BONE LOCATED TO THE SIDE OF THE BODY

Front 14

MEDIAL MALLEOLUS

Back 14

LOWER END OF THE TIBIA BONE LOCATED CLOSEST TO THE MIDDLE OF THE BODY

Front 15

TARSALS

Back 15

THE SEVEN BONES OF THE ANKLE

Front 16

METATARSALS

Back 16

FIVE OF THESE FORM THE BODY OF THE FOOT

Front 17

SACROILIAC JOINT

Back 17

JOINS THE SACRUM TO THE ILIUM

Front 18

ACETABULUM

Back 18

ROUNDED CAVITY ON THE EXTERNAL SURFACE OF THE HIP WHICH RECEIVES THE HEAD OF THE FEMUR

Front 19

OSTEOARTHRITIS

Back 19

INVOLVES DEGENERATION OF THE JOINTS

Front 20

AVASCULAR NECROSIS

Back 20

WHERE POOR BLOOD CIRCULATOIN TO THE INJURED AREA CAUSES TISSUE IN BOTH THE HEAD OF THE FEMUR AND THE ACETABULUM TO DIE

Front 21

ARTHRITIS

Back 21

INFLAMMATION OF A JOINT

Front 22

MENISCUS

Back 22

CARTILAGE FOUND INSIDE JOINTS; THE KNEE JOINT HAS BOTH LATERAL AND MEDIAL MINISCI.

Front 23

LONGITUDINAL TEAR

Back 23

CAUSED BY OVER-TWISTING THE KNEE - WITHIN THE BODY OF THE MENISCUS

Front 24

HORIZONTAL TEAR

Back 24

FROM THE EDGE OF THE MINISCUS INTO ITS BODY

Front 25

ARTHROSCOPY

Back 25

EXAMINATION OF THE INTERIOR OF JOINTSL

Front 26

ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (ACL)

Back 26

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT OF FOUR STRONG LIGAMENTS CONNECTING THE BONES OF THE KNEE JOINT WHOSE FUNCTION IS TO PROVIDE STABILITY TO THE KNEE AND MINIMIZE STRESS ACROSS THE KNEE JOINT

Front 27

POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (PCL)

Back 27

ONE OF THE FOUR STRONG LIGAMENTS CONNECTING THE BONES OF THE KNEE JOINT WHOSE FUNCTION IS TO PREVENT THE FEMUR FROM MOVING TOO FAR FOWARD OVER THE TIBIA

Front 28

POTT'S FRACTURE

Back 28

TIBIA AND FIBULA ARE BOTH FRACTURED AT THE DISTAL ENDS AND THE FOOT IS DISLOCATED OUTWARD AND BACKWARD

Front 29

OS CALCIS

Back 29

ALSO KNOW AS CALCANEUS; THE HEEL BONE

Front 30

ACHILLES TENDON

Back 30

LARGE TENDON THAT ATTACHES MUSCLES TO THE CALCANEUS

Front 31

AVULSION FRACTURE

Back 31

MOST COMMON TYPE OF FRACTURE TO THE CALCANEUS WHERE THE CALCANEUS IS TORN AWAY FROM ITS USUAL POSITION

Front 32

BURSITIS

Back 32

INFLAMMATION OF A BURSA, ESPECIALLY THOSE BETWEEN BONY PROMINENCES AND MUSCLE OR TENDON, SUCH AS THE SHOULDER OR KNEE

Front 33

OSTEOMYELITIS

Back 33

AN INFLAMMATION OF THE BONE MARROW, OR OF BOTH BONE AND MARROW. OFTEN RESULTS FROM INFECTION AFER A COMPOUND FRACTURE WHEN THE BONE IS EXPOSED TO THE AIR AND ITS IMPURITIES.

Front 34

DIABETES MELLITUS

Back 34

A DISORDER IN WHICH THERE IS EXCESSIVE SUGAR IN THE BLOOD

Front 35

GANGRENE

Back 35

DECOMPOSITION OF SOFT TISSUE OF THE BODY

Front 36

DRY GANGRENE

Back 36

CAUSED BY AN INTERRUPTION OF THE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE AFFECTED AREA. DIABETES MELLITUS IS A COMMON CAUSE OF DRY GANGRENE.

Front 37

WET GANGRENE

Back 37

CAUSED BY BACTERIAL INFECTION IN THE AFFECTED AREA.

Front 38

REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY SYNDROM (RSDS)

Back 38

ALSO KNOWN AS COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYDROME - IS A RARE DISORDER OF THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT IS CHARACTERIZED BY CHRONIC, SEVERE PAIN.

Front 39

MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME

Back 39

A CHRONIC CONDITION THAT AFFECTS THE FASCIA (CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT COVERS THE MUSCLES). MAY INVOLVE EITHER A SINGLE MUSCLE OR A MUSCLE GROUP.

Front 40

FIBROMYALGIA

Back 40

A COMMON CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY LONG-TERM, BODY-WIDE PAIN AND TENDER POINTS IN JOINTS, MUSCLES, TENDONS, AND OTHER SOFT TISSUES

Front 41

OSTEOPOROSIS

Back 41

THINNING OF BONE TISSUE AND LOSS OF BONE DENSITY OVER TIME