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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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evolution |
change in a population or species over generations |
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natural selection |
guiding force for evolution; alleles survive or die out based on relative fitness |
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fitness |
ability to survive and reproduce |
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3 principles of natural selection |
genetic variation, competition, and differential survival |
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genetic drift |
an alternative driving force for evolution, other than natural selection; alleles undergo random shifts in frequency
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homologous structure |
similar structure, shared by descendants of common ancestor |
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biogeography |
where organisms live |
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sexual selection |
natural selection that drives the evolution of one sex but not the other |
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directional selection |
natural selection in which one allele is favored; evolution goes in one direction |
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stabilizing selection |
natural selection in which intermediate phenotypes are favored; extremes (homozygotes) are less fit |
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selective pressure |
something that causes differential survival; food scarcity, climate change, predation, mate scarcity, etc.
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taxonomy |
grouping or classifying organisms |
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dichotomous key |
repeated choice between two descriptions eventually leads to identification of an organism |
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cladogram |
"family tree" that shows relationships among organisms |
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node |
common ancestor; point on cladogram where branches meet |
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adaptation |
a trait that increases fitness |
