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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Somatic Cell |
any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells. |
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Gamete |
a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote. |
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Chromosome |
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
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Sex chromosome |
a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds. |
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Autosome |
any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. |
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Homologous chromosome |
a set of one maternal chromosome and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during meiosis. |
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Haploid |
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. |
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Diploid |
containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
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Sexual reproduction |
1.
the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). In most higher organisms, one sex (male) produces a small motile gamete that travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced by the other (female). |
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Fertilization |
the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. |
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Zygote |
a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum. |
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Meiosis |
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. |
