Unit 4 / Life Science

Front 1

Esophagus

Back 1

Muscular tube through which food passes, extends from the mouth to the stomach

Front 2

Eukaryote

Back 2

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles that are contained within membranes, member of the domain eukaryota

Front 3

Evolution

Back 3

Genetic change over time

Front 4

excretory system

Back 4

Body system responsible for the removal of metabolic waste

Front 5

Fertilization

Back 5

The union of male and female gametes to produce new organism

Front 6

Food chain

Back 6

The sequence in which matter and energy are transferred in an ecosystem

Front 7

Food web

Back 7

A diagram that shows interconnections of all species in an ecosystem

Front 8

Fossil record

Back 8

The use of fossils in sedimentary rock layers to describe the past

Front 9

Gametes

Back 9

A reproductive cell that unites with another of the opposite sex to form offspring

Front 10

Gene

Back 10

A section of DNA located at a specific point of a chromosome that determines a characteristic of an organism by providing instructions for building properties

Front 11

Genetics

Back 11

The study of how genes work and how they are transferred from parents to offspring

Front 12

Genotype

Back 12

The particular alleles carried by an individual organism

Front 13

Germinate

Back 13

The process by which a plant begins to grow from a seed

Front 14

Golgi appartus

Back 14

An organelle that packages and sorts molecules for transport through the cell

Front 15

Heredity

Back 15

The genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring

Front 16

Immunity

Back 16

The body's ability to fight off disease

Front 17

Immunization

Back 17

The process by which someone is made immune to a disease, generally through the use of vaccine

Front 18

Immunodeficiency

Back 18

The failure of the immune system to protect the body from disease

Front 19

Inflammation

Back 19

Swelling

Front 20

Instinct

Back 20

A complex behavior that an animal is born knowing how to perform in response to a specific stimulus

Front 21

Kingdom

Back 21

A taxonomic rank below domain that can contain one or more phyla, used by some taxonomists

Front 22

Leaves

Back 22

The part of the plant where photosynthesis occurs

Front 23

Mammal

Back 23

A warm-blooded vertebrate with hair that gives birth to live young, example, rabbit

Front 24

Meiosis

Back 24

Cell division that results in formation of gametes

Front 25

Messenger RNA

Back 25

A type of RNA molecule that carries the DNA message, or information

Front 26

Metabolism

Back 26

Interrelated chemical reactions within cells that allow organisms to carry out life processes

Front 27

Minerals

Back 27

A class of substances occurring in nature

Front 28

Mitochondrion

Back 28

A structure that provides energy to the cell by converting food into ATP, the cell's energy source

Front 29

Mitosis

Back 29

Cell division that results in formation of new, identical cells

Front 30

Muscular system

Back 30

the body system responsible for movement

Front 31

Mutation

Back 31

A permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism, usually caused by an error when DNA is copied

Front 32

Natural selection

Back 32

The theory that nature will select for traits that are advantageous to the species

Front 33

Nervous system

Back 33

The system of the body that regulates and responds to conditions inside and outside the body

Front 34

Non vascular plant

Back 34

What type of plant that does not contain real Roots, Stills, or leaves, or vascular tissue

Front 35

Abiotic component

Back 35

The non-living factors in an ecosystem

Front 36

Active transport

Back 36

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration, this movement requires energy

Front 37

Adaptation

Back 37

A trait that is common in a population because it provides an improved function

Front 38

Allele

Back 38

One of multiple versions of the same gene

Front 39

Amino acid

Back 39

A molecule that is the building block of proteins

Front 40

ATP

Back 40

Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that carries energy

Front 41

Behavior

Back 41

The way in whitch one acts

Front 42

Biotic component

Back 42

The living factors in an ecosystem

Front 43

Biome

Back 43

A community existing of many ecosystem

Front 44

Bird

Back 44

Veritable animal that has feathers

Front 45

Carbon dioxide

Back 45

A molecule that is a product of cellular respiration and a reactant in photosynthesis

Front 46

Cell membrane

Back 46

The outer layer of an animal,fungus,bacteria,or protist cell, whitch determines what enters or leaves a cell

Front 47

CelL wall

Back 47

A tough outer layer that surrounds the cell membrane in some types of cells, including plant cells but not animal cells

Front 48

cellular respiration

Back 48

A process that transfers the energy stored in glucose into molecules of ATP

Front 49

Chlorophyll

Back 49

A substance within the chloroplasts of cells that gives plants their green color and absorbs light energy from the Sun

Front 50

Chloroplast

Back 50

An organelle found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that captures the energy from sunlight and makes it into food for the cell

Front 51

Chromosome

Back 51

A linear or circular strand of dna that contains the genetic material of a cell, sometimes bonded to proteins

Front 52

Circulatory system

Back 52

The body system responsible for the transport of materials

Front 53

Cladogram

Back 53

, a branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among organisms

Front 54

cold blooded

Back 54

A condition whereby the internal temperature of an animal's body varies with that of the environment

Front 55

Common ancestor

Back 55

An organism from which other species have descended

Front 56

Cytoplasm

Back 56

The continents of the cell within the cell membrane and outside of the nucleus