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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Integumentary system? What are its functions?
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What is the Integumentary system?
The skin and all of its appendages (like sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair, and nails) make up the integumentary system. What are its functions? -> Protection- heat, infection, cushions, chemicals, abrasions, UV rays (skin color is from melanin) -> Water retention -> Insulator- regulate heat from body -> Sensory receptors |
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What are the layers of the integument system?
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What are the layers of the integument system?
Skin = Epidermis + Dermis -> Epidermis- superficial layer, thick epithelium. The epidermis is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. -> Dermis- fibrous connective tissue. ->dermis (dermis consists of the papillary layer and reticular layer) -> The papillary layer of the dermis is the most superficial layer of the dermis. It consists of loose areolar connective tissue with thin collagen and elastic fibers |
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The integument consists of the epidermis, which is composed of _____________, and the dermis, which is composed of ____________ connective tissue.
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The integument is composed of an outer stratified squamous epithelium (the epidermis), and a deeper dense irregular and aerolar connective tissue (the dermis)
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what is the function of the integument in which sweat glands are involved?
Production of vitamin D3 Temperature regulation Protection Sensory perception |
Select the function of the integument in which sweat glands are involved.
Production of vitamin D3 --> Temperature regulation Protection Sensory perception Sweat glands are involved in temperature regulation because the liquid on our skin cools us off as it evaporates. All of the other choices are indeed functions of the integument, but do not involve the sweat glands. |
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The difference between a basal lamina and a basement membrane is that
a.) the basal lamina is thicker b.) they lie on opposite surfaces of the epithelium c.) a basal lamina plus a layer of reticular fibers equals a basement membrane d.) only the basal lamina can be seen by light microscopy. |
The difference between a basal lamina and a basement membrane is that
a.) the basal lamina is thicker b.) they lie on opposite surfaces of the epithelium c.) a basal lamina plus a layer of reticular fibers equals a basement membrane d.) only the basal lamina can be seen by light microscopy. |
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You accidentally cut your fingernail too far, causing a sharp pain and some bleeding. Which part of your nail was injured?
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Nail bed
The nail bed is the epithelium that is under the nail body, and would bleed if you injured it. |
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Check all that are a function of the integument.
- Protection - Prevention of water loss - Temperature regulation - Movement - Immune Defense |
Check all that are a function of the integument.
*Protection *Prevention of water loss *Temperature regulation Movement *Immune Defense |
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The ___________ layer of the dermis contains a meshwork of collagen fibers that surround and support structures in the dermis.
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The _reticular___ layer of the dermis contains a meshwork of collagen fibers that surround and support structures in the dermis.
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The glands and the hair follicles reside in the dermis layer, however they are derived from the epidermis and they go downward.
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The glands and the hair follicles reside in the dermis layer, however they are derived from the epidermis and they go downward.
6. The integumentary system is composed of: a.) the epidermis and dermis b.) the dermis and hypodermis c.) the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis and their appendages d.) the epidermis, dermis, and their appendages |
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Be able to list joints by functional classification (immoveable, slightly moveable, freely moveable.) In which class do most joints fall?
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• Functional classification –
based on amount of movement – Synarthroses – immovable – common in axial skeleton – Amphiarthroses – slightly movable – common in axial skeleton – Diarthroses – freely movable – common in appendicular skeleton Most joints fall in the Diarthroses Class |
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Name kinds of joints based on structural classification and examples.
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Name kinds of joints based on structural classification and examples.
Structural classification based on: – Material that binds bones together – Presence or absence of a joint cavity – Structural classifications include • Fibrous • Cartilaginous • Synovial |
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Know the three types of fibrous joints and describe their general structure and give examples. Do the same for the two main types of cartilaginous joints.
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Know the three types of fibrous joints and describe their general structure and give examples. Do the same for the two main types of cartilaginous joints.
1., Fibrous Joints: • Bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue (dense regular connective tissue) • Do not have a joint cavity • Most are synarthrotic and some amphiarthrotic • Types – gomphoses, sutures, and syndesmoses 2. Cartilaginous Joints: • Bones are united by cartilage • Lack a joint cavity • Synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic • Two types a. synchondroses b. symphyses a.Synchondroses: • Hyaline cartilage unites bones • immovable synarthroses – Epiphyseal plates – – Joints between ribs and manubrium b.Symphyses: Fibrocartilage is main element • Resists both tension and compression and act as a shock absorber • Slightly movable joints (amphiarthroses) that provide strength with flexibility – Intervertebral discs – Pubic symphysis 3. Synovial Joints- most abundant • Most movable type of joint • All are diarthroses • Each contains a fluid-filled joint cavity • Most are “simple” and have just two articulating surfaces • Some are “compound” with more than two articulating surfaces – Examples include the elbow and knee joints |
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A symphysis is a joint which falls under the functional class of ______ and it allows _____ movement.
a) diarthrosis, free b) amphiarthrosis, limited c) amphiarthrosis, no d) synarthrosis, limited |
A symphysis is a joint which falls under the functional class of ______ and it allows _____ movement.
d) synarthrosis, limited |
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Sutural joints fall under the ____ classification.
a) synarthrotic b) diarthrotic c) amphiarthrotic |
Sutural joints fall under the ____ classification.
a) synarthrotic |
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______ is the action produced by the arm (brachium) when turning a doorknob, and ____ is the action produced
by the arm (brachium) as one either winds up to throw a ball or to draw circles on the blackboard. a) rotation, rotation b) rotation, circumduction c) circumduction, rotation d) circumduction, circumduction e) supination, pronation |
______ is the action produced by the arm (brachium) when turning a doorknob, and ____ is the action produced
by the arm (brachium) as one either winds up to throw a ball or to draw circles on the blackboard. b) rotation, circumduction |
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What ligaments are most important in keeping the knee from wiggling medially to laterally?
a) the collaterals b) the menisci c) the patellar ligaments d) the oblique popliteal ligaments e) the cruciates |
What ligaments are most important in keeping the knee from wiggling medially to laterally?
a) the collaterals |
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A joint capsule (articular capsule) has two layers. The function of the capsule’s internal layer is to
a) strengthen the joint against tension b) produce synovial fluid c) contain all the nerves and blood vessels of the joint d) act as a meniscus |
A joint capsule (articular capsule) has two layers. The function of the capsule’s internal layer is to
b) produce synovial fluid |
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An example of a synarthrotic fibrous joint is the
a) sagittal suture b) interosseous membrane between radius and ulna c) pubic symphysis d) intervertebral discs |
An example of a synarthrotic fibrous joint is the
a) sagittal suture |
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Which of the following muscles does NOT strengthen the shoulder joint:
a.) Teres Minor b.) Supraspinatus c.) infraspinatus d.) subscapularis e.) pectoralis minor |
Which of the following muscles does NOT strengthen the shoulder joint:
e.) pectoralis minor |
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An example of a diarthrotic synchondrosis is
a) the epiphyseal plates b) the joint betweent the sternum and the fourth rib c) any intertarsal joint d) the knee joint e) none of these, for such a joint does not exist |
An example of a diarthrotic synchondrosis is
e) none of these, for such a joint does not exist |
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A pivot joint is (mark all that may apply):
a.) an egg shaped surface that fits into an oval pocket b.) exemplified by the proximal radioulnar joint where the head of the radius is secured to the ulna c.) a rounded end fitted into a ridge of another bone anchored by ligaments d.) occurs between carpal bones or tarsal bones. |
A pivot joint is (mark all that may apply):
b.) exemplified by the proximal radioulnar joint where the head of the radius is secured to the ulna c.) a rounded end fitted into a ridge of another bone anchored by ligaments |
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True or False...
Most joints in the body fall under fibrous classification. |
False, most joints fall under Synovial Joints
Synovial Joints- most abundant • Most movable type of joint • All are diarthroses • Each contains a fluid-filled joint cavity • Most are “simple” and have just two articulating surfaces • Some are “compound” with more than two articulating surfaces – Examples include the elbow and knee joints |
