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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemical reaction |
energy requiring process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are changed into different substances |
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reactant |
substance that exist before a chemical reaction starts located on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation |
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Product |
substance formed by a chemical reaction;located in the right side of the arrow in a chemical reaction |
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activation energy |
minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction |
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catalyst |
substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy |
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enzyme |
protein that speeds up a biological reaction by lowering the activation energy needed to start the reaction |
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substrate |
reactant to which an enzyme binds |
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active site |
specific place where a substrate binds on an enzyme |
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macromolecule |
large molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together |
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polymer |
large molecule formed from smaller repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds linked by covalent bonds |
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carbohydrates |
organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom |
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lipid |
hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen; fats, oils and waxes are lipids |
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protein |
organic compound made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds primary building blocks of organisms |
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amino acid |
carbon compound joined by peptide bonds; building block of proteins |
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nucleic acid |
complex macromolecule that stores and communicate genetic information |
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nucleotide |
a subunit of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
