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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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P1
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Paternal generation; typically pure for a trait unless otherwise provided
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F1
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First filial generation; the 1st offspring of the paternal generation
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F2
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Second filial generation; the offspring resultinf from a cross between two F1's
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Hybrid
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Refers to a heterozygote; has a different allele for each copy of a gene
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Genotype
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A set of gene copies for a give trait - RR, rr, Rr
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Phenotype
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What a genotype produces
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Homozygous
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When the first cell of a new organism has two of the same alleles for the gene; can be HH, or hh
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Heterozygous
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When the first cell of the new organism has 2 different alleles for the gene
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Law of Segregation
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Copies of a gene (alleles) will go to different cells without influence
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Law of Independent Assortment
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Alleles for different traits will randomly separate into different gametes independently of one another
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Nondisjunction
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Occurs when chromosomes fail to separate during either meiosis I or II; leaves one cell being short a chromosome and one cell having an extra chromosome
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Trisome
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Results when chromosomes fail to separate properly; occurs during meiosis I or II; zygote aquires an extra chromosome or piece of chromosome; all cells from that point will have an extra credit as well
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