Unit 1 - Miscellaneous

Front 1

palpation

Back 1

feeling with firm pressure

Front 2

percussion

Back 2

tap sharply on specific body sites to detect resonating vibrations

Front 3

auscultation

Back 3

listen to sounds emitted from organs

Front 4

head region

Back 4

cranium, face

Front 5

neck region

Back 5

neck

Front 6

trunk region

Back 6

thorax, abdominopelvic, back

Front 7

upper limb region

Back 7

shoulder, axilla, arm, forearm, hand

Front 8

lower limb region

Back 8

gluteal, thigh, leg, foot

Front 9

sagittal plane

Back 9

divides right & left

Front 10

horizontal / transverse plane

Back 10

separates top & bottom

Front 11

coronal plane

Back 11

separates front & back

Front 12

superior

Back 12

towards head

Front 13

inferior

Back 13

towards feet

Front 14

cranial

Back 14

towards head (superior)

Front 15

caudal

Back 15

towards "tail" (inferior)

Front 16

proximal

Back 16

closer to point of attachment (medial)

Front 17

distal

Back 17

farther away from point of attachment (lateral)

Front 18

dorsal

Back 18

back (posterior)

Front 19

ventral

Back 19

front (anterior)

Front 20

flexion

Back 20

decreasing angle between two body parts (bending) (usually in sagital plane)

Front 21

extension

Back 21

increasing angle between 2 body parts (straightening) (usually in sagital plane)

Front 22

hyperextension

Back 22

extension past anatomical position

Front 23

abduction

Back 23

pulling a body part away from the midline in coronal plane

Front 24

adduction

Back 24

adding a body part back in towards the midline of the coronal plane

Front 25

rotation

Back 25

rotating a body part (medial vs lateral, internal vs external)

Front 26

circumduction

Back 26

movement in a big circle (NOT rotation)

Front 27

elevation

Back 27

lift up (shrug shoulder)

Front 28

depression

Back 28

push down (depress shoulder)

Front 29

plantarflexion

Back 29

flex foot "downward" (tip toes)

Front 30

dorsiflexion

Back 30

flex foot by pulling toes toward shin

Front 31

eversion

Back 31

turn sole of foot outward

Front 32

inversion

Back 32

turn sole of foot inward

Front 33

supination

Back 33

palms up (lateral rotation)

Front 34

pronation

Back 34

palms down (medial rotation)

Front 35

retraction

Back 35

retrusion (pulling backward)

Front 36

protraction

Back 36

protrusion (shoving forward)

Front 37

superficial

Back 37

close to surface, closer to skin than other parts

Front 38

deep

Back 38

deeper in body

Front 39

fascia

Back 39

layer of tissue somewhere in body

-superficial (loose & fatty)

-deep (thin, fibrous, no fat)

Front 40

cutaneous

Back 40

anything associated with skin

Front 41

ipsilateral

Back 41

structures that occur on the same side of the body

Front 42

contralateral

Back 42

structures occur on opposite sides of body

Front 43

unilateral

Back 43

structures occur on single side of body

Front 44

bilateral

Back 44

having a right & left member

Front 45

process (bone)

Back 45

big structure that sticks out

Front 46

facet (bone)

Back 46

smooth part where bones meet

Front 47

fossa (bone)

Back 47

depression

Front 48

foramen (bone)

Back 48

hole

Front 49

tubercle / tuberosity (bone)

Back 49

bumps on bone (tuberosity is larger)

Front 50

origin

Back 50

muscle attachment to part of skeleton that DOESN'T move ("start" or "anchor")

Front 51

insertion

Back 51

muscle attachment to part of skeleton that moves ("stop")

Front 52

extrinsic

Back 52

a muscle that has its origin outside an organ or part (forearm muscles that move fingers)

Front 53

intrinsic

Back 53

a muscle that has BOTH it's origin and insertion in an organ or part (hand muscles that move fingers)

Front 54

scoliosis

Back 54

lateral curvature of back (curved back)

Front 55

kyphosis

Back 55

vertebrae curve posteriorly in thoracic region (hunch-back)

Front 56

lordosis

Back 56

increased lumbar curvature (sway-back)

Front 57

rostral

Back 57

toward the nose

Front 58

abdominal

Back 58

region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones

Front 59

antebrachial

Back 59

forearm (the portion of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist)

Front 60

antecubital

Back 60

region anterior to the elbow; also known as the cubital region

Front 61

auricular

Back 61

ear (visible surface structures of the ear and the ear's internal organs)

Front 62

axillary

Back 62

armpit

Front 63

brachial

Back 63

arm (the portion of the upper limb between the shoulder and the elbow)

Front 64

buccal

Back 64

cheek

Front 65

calcaneal

Back 65

heel of the foot

Front 66

carpal

Back 66

wrist

Front 67

cephalic

Back 67

head

Front 68

cervical

Back 68

neck

Front 69

coxal

Back 69

hip

Front 70

cranial

Back 70

skull

Front 71

crural

Back 71

leg (the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle)

Front 72

deltoid

Back 72

shoulder

Front 73

digital

Back 73

fingers or toes (also called phalangeal)

Front 74

dorsal

Back 74

back

Front 75

femoral

Back 75

thigh

Front 76

fibular

Back 76

lateral aspect of the leg

Front 77

frontal

Back 77

forehead

Front 78

gluteal

Back 78

buttock

Front 79

hallux

Back 79

great toe

Front 80

inguinal

Back 80

groin (sometimes used to indicate just the crease in the junction of the thigh with the trunk)

Front 81

lumbar

Back 81

relating to the loins, or the part of the back and sides between the ribs and pelvis

Front 82

mammary

Back 82

breast

Front 83

manus

Back 83

hand

Front 84

mental

Back 84

chin

Front 85

nasal

Back 85

nose

Front 86

occipital

Back 86

posterior aspect of the head

Front 87

olecranal

Back 87

posterior of the elbow

Front 88

oral

Back 88

mouth

Front 89

orbital

Back 89

eye

Front 90

palmar

Back 90

palm of the hand

Front 91

patellar

Back 91

kneecap

Front 92

pelvic

Back 92

pelvis

Front 93

perineal

Back 93

diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs

Front 94

pes

Back 94

foot

Front 95

plantar

Back 95

sole of the foot

Front 96

pollex

Back 96

thumb

Front 97

popliteal

Back 97

area posterior to the knee

Front 98

pubic

Back 98

anterior region of the pelvis

Front 99

radial

Back 99

lateral aspect of the forearm

Front 100

sacral

Back 100

posterior region between the hip bones

Front 101

scapular

Back 101

shoulder blade

Front 102

sternal

Back 102

anterior middle region of the thorax

Front 103

sural

Back 103

calf (posterior part of the leg)

Front 104

tarsal

Back 104

proximal part of foot and ankle

Front 105

thoracic

Back 105

chest or thorax

Front 106

tibial

Back 106

medial aspect of the leg

Front 107

ulnar

Back 107

medial aspect of the forearm

Front 108

umbilical

Back 108

navel

Front 109

vertebral

Back 109

spinal column

Front 110

posterior aspect

Back 110

contains cranial cavity and vertebral canal

Front 111

ventral cavity

Back 111

divided into thoracic cavity and an inferior abdominopelvic cavity, and the diaphragm

Front 112

gliding motion at joint

Back 112

two opposing articular surfaces slide past each other in almost any direction; the amount of movement is slight

Front 113

angular motion at joint

Back 113

the angle between articulating bones increases or decreases

Front 114

agonist

Back 114

prime mover; a muscle that contracts to produce a particular movement, such as extending the forearm

Front 115

antagonist

Back 115

a muscle whose actions oppose those of the agonist (if the agonist produces extension, the antagonist produces flexion)

Front 116

synergist

Back 116

a muscle that assists the agonist in performing its action

Front 117

radiography

Back 117

the primary method of obtaining a clinical image of a body part for diagnostic purposes (a beam of x-rays penetrates solid structures within the body)

Front 118

sonography

Back 118

ultrasound; a technician slowly moves a small, handheld device across the body surface

Front 119

computed tomography (CT) scan

Back 119

a more sophisticated application of x-rays

Front 120

digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

Back 120

a modified three-dimensional x-ray technique used primarily to view blood vessels

Front 121

dynamic spatial reconstruction (DSR)

Back 121

provides two important pieces of medical information; (1) three-dimensional images of body organs and (2) information about an organ's normal movement as well as changes in its internal volume

Front 122

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Back 122

developed as a noninvasive technique to visualize soft tissues

Front 123

positron emission tomography (PET) scan

Back 123

used both to analyze the metabolic state of a tissue at a given moment in time and to determine which tissues are most active

Front 124

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Back 124

a blood clot (thrombus) in a vein

Front 125

pulmonary embolus

Back 125

most serious complication of DVT; a blood clot breaks free and travels to the lung, eventually blocking a branch of the pulmonary artery and potentially causing respiratory failure and even death

Front 126

opposition

Back 126

special movement of thumb across palm toward fingers to permit grasping and holding of an object