Uncg Chem Exam #2

Front 1

Chemical bond formed through the transfer of one or more electrons; creates compounds between metals and nonmetals

Back 1

Ionic Bonds

Front 2

Bond formed through the sharing of one or more electrons between two nuclei to make a molecule; nonmetals

Back 2

Covalent Bonds

Front 3

subscript signifying the change on an ion

Back 3

oxidation number

Front 4

energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from the outer shell of an atom

Back 4

ionization energy

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most reactive element

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flourine

Front 6

the measure of the attraction between atoms for ions; it shares with another atom

Back 6

electronegativity

Front 7

an atom with either a positive or negative bond

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ion (e-)

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when naming this type of compound the 1st word is the full name of the element and the second word is the stem name of the element with -ide at the end

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Ionic compound

Front 9

the name of the metal from which the positive ion was formed followed by the name of the negative ion changes the end of the compound to:

Back 9

-ide

Front 10

mono-

Back 10

1

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di-

Back 11

2

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tri-

Back 12

3

Front 13

tetra-

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4

Front 14

penta-

Back 14

5

Front 15

hexa-

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6

Front 16

hepta-

Back 16

7

Front 17

octa-

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8

Front 18

ennea-

Back 18

9

Front 19

deca-

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10

Front 20

Cu^1+

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cuprous ion (copper I ion)

Front 21

Cu^2+

Back 21

cupric ion (copper II ion)

Front 22

Fe^2+

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ferrous ion (iron II ion)

Front 23

Fe^3+

Back 23

ferric ion (iron III ion)

Front 24

Ag^1+

Back 24

Silver ion

Front 25

NH4^1+

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ammonium ion

Front 26

OH^1-

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Hydroxide ion

Front 27

NO2^1-

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Nitrite ion

Front 28

NO3^1-

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Nitrate ion

Front 29

C2H3O2^1-

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Acetate ion

Front 30

HCO3^1-

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Bicarbonate ion

Front 31

CO3^2-

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Carbonate ion

Front 32

SO3^2-

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Sulfite ion

Front 33

SO4^2-

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Sulfate ion

Front 34

PO4^3-

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Phosphate ion

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CN^1-

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Cyanide ion

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charged chemical ion composed of 2 or more atoms covalently bonded

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Polyatomic ions

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pairs of valence electrons on an atom that are involved in electron sharing

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Bonding electron pairs

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pairs of valence electrons on an atom that are not involved in electron sharing

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Nonbonding electron pairs (lone pairs)

Front 39

when there is not equal distance between bonds; molecule does not look symmetrical

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repulsion

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set of procedures to predict a 3-dimensional arrangement of a molecule

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VESPR (valence shell electron-pair repulsion)

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Trigonal Planar & Angular(with one nonbonding electron group)

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3 electron group

Front 42

Tetrahedral, Trigonal Pyramidal & Angular(with 2 nonbonding electron groups)

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4 electron group

Front 43

what degree is an evenly spread tetrahedral at?

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109.5 degrees (CH4)

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an electron group is linear when theres:

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180 degrees between bonds

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symmetrical distribution of electron charge (equal electronegativity)

ex. H2 & N2

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Nonpolar

Front 46

unsymmetrical distribution of electron charge (unequal)

ex. HCl & CO

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Polar

Front 47

a 3 dimensional arrangement of molecules within a molecule

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Molecular geometry

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when naming this type of compound the 1st word is the prefix then full name of the element and the second word is the prefix then stem name of the element with -ide at the end

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covalent

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the mass of a given substance divided by its amount of substance (g/mol)

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molar mass

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determined by the size of its outer-most orbital (largest is bottom-left of the periodic table)

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atomic size

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Avogadro's number

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6.02 x 10^23 (atoms or molecules/1mole)

Front 52

quantitive study of a chemical reaction

(mass to mass relationship)

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stoichiometry

Front 53

measures amount/actual amount x 100 =

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% yield

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other name of positive ion

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cation

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other name of negative ion

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anion

Front 56

nonmetals bonded together to form 1 ion

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polyatomic molecule

Front 57

electrons spend more time near the ________ atom and less time near the _______ atom

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electronegative; nonelectronegative

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the greater the ______ difference between the 2 bonded atoms, the greater the ______ or the bond

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electronegative; polarity

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measure of the degree of an equality in sharing of electrons between 2 atoms in a chemical bond

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bond polarity

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the reagent that's used up first;

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limiting reagent

Front 61

to find the limiting reagent in a chemical reaction:

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you find the reagent with the less number of moles