Ultrasound Breast Exam Review

Front 1

The normal adult breast primarily consists of _____ and ___ tissue, as well as some rudimentary subareolar ducts.

Back 1

fat and connective tissue

Front 2

Symptoms leading to male breast examination include?

Back 2

-breast enlargement

-tenderness

-palpable lump

-nipple discharge

Front 3

The most frequent benign disorder in the male breast is?

Back 3

gynecomastia

Front 4

Gynecomasia is?

Back 4

represents non-neoplastic male breast enlargement and is the most common breast disorder

Front 5

Causative factors for gynecomastia?

Back 5

-hormonal imbalance

-systemic disorders

-drug-medication induced

-estrogen producing neoplasm

-idopathic

Front 6

What form of gynecomastia is most common?

Back 6

pubertal gynecomastia, affects up to 60% of young males

Front 7

Clinical features of gynecomastia?

Back 7

-bilateral or unilateral breast enlargement

-subareolar thickening

-palpable, firm, subareolar tender lump

Front 8

Sono features of gynecomastia?

Back 8

-hypoechoic, subareolar nodular pattern

-hypoechoic to hyperechoic triangular shaped region extending from nipple into breast core

-prominent hypoechoic subareolar ducts by hyperechoic periductal fibrous tissue

-increase in subcutaneous fat

Front 9

Pseudogynecomastia results from?

Back 9

increase deposition of subcutaneous fat and is bilateral

Front 10

Pseudogyecomastia is most common in ?

Back 10

obese males

Front 11

Male breast cancer usually presents in ?

Back 11

-older aged men

Front 12

Risks factors for male breast cancer?

Back 12

-advanced age

-exposure to ionizing radiation

-cryptorchidism (undescended testie)

-testicular injury

-Kline Felter syndrome

-Cowden's syndrome

-mumps prchitis

-family history of breast cancer

-chronic diseases (cirrhosis, AIDS, malnutrition)

Front 13

Clinical features of male breast cancer?

Back 13

-palpable, hard lump, usually painless

-subareolar location most common, just eccentric to nipple

-nipple and skin retraction, possible ulceration

-possible nipple discharge, often bloody or seroganguinous

Front 14

Male breast cancer occurs most often in what region?

Back 14

subareolar

Front 15

Sono features of male breast cancer?

Back 15

-round or oval shape

-may be taller-than-wide

-speculated or angular mass, thick echogenic halo, shadowing

-may present as circumscribed, hypoechoic mass

-occasionally complex appearing if central necrosis or intracystic cancer with sound enhancement

Front 16

Male breast metastases include?

Back 16

-prostate (common)

-melanoma

-lymphoma

-lung

-bladder