U. S. History Chapter 4

Front 1

Puritans

Back 1

group of English Protestants who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony p. 102

Front 2

General Court

Back 2

elect representative assembly in the Massachusetts Bay Colony
p. 103

Front 3

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Back 3

1 1639 plan of government in the Puritan colony in Connecticut; expanded the idea of representative government in the English colonies p. 104

Front 4

Religious Tolerance

Back 4

willingness to let others practice their own beliefs p. 104

Front 5

Sabbath

Back 5

holy day of rest p. 106

Front 6

Town Meeting

Back 6

meeting in colonial New England where colonist discussed and voted on issues p. 107

Front 7

Patroon

Back 7

owner of a huge estate in the Dutch colony p 109

Front 8

Proprietary Colony

Back 8

English colony in which the king gave land to proprietors in exhange for a yearly payment p. 109

Front 9

Royal Colony

Back 9

colony under the direct control of the English crown p. 109

Front 10

Quakers

Back 10

Protestant reformers who believe in the equality of all people p. 110

Front 11

Pennsylvania Dutch

Back 11

German speaking Protestants who settled in Pennsylvania p. 11p

Front 12

Cash Crop

Back 12

crop sold for money at marker p. 111

Front 13

Mason-Dixon Lion

Back 13

boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland that divided the Middle Colonies from the Southern Colonies. p. 113

Front 14

Act of Toleration

Back 14

a 1649 law passed by the Maryland assembly that provided religious freedom for all Christians p. 114

Front 15

Bacon's Rebellion

Back 15

a 1676 raid led by Nathaniel Bacon against the governor and Native Americans in Virginia p. 114

Front 16

Indigo

Back 16

plant used to make valuable blue dye p. 115

Front 17

Debtor

Back 17

person who cannot pay money he or she owes p. 116

Front 18

Slave Code

Back 18

laws that controlled the lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights p. 119

Front 19

Racism

Back 19

belief that one race is superior to another p. 119

Front 20

Mercantilism

Back 20

theory that a nation's economic strength came from protecting and increasing its home economy by strict control over its colonial trade p. 120

Front 21

Export

Back 21

trade product sent to markets outside a country p. 120

Front 22

Import

Back 22

trade product brought into a country p. 121

Front 23

Navigation Act

Back 23

series of laws passed by the English Parliament in the 1650s that regulated trade between England and its colonies p. 121

Front 24

Yankee

Back 24

nickname for New England merchants who dominated colonial trade p. 121

Front 25

Triangular Trade

Back 25

colonial trade route between New England, the West Indies, and Africa p. 121

Front 26

Legislature

Back 26

group of people who have the power to make laws p. 122

Front 27

Glorious Revolution

Back 27

in 1688, movement that brought William and Mary to the throne of England and strengthened the rights of English citizens p. 123

Front 28

Bill of Rights

Back 28

written list of freedoms that a government promises to protect p. 123

Front 29

English Bill of Rights

Back 29

a 1689 document that guarenteed the rights of English citizens p. 123

Front 30

Gentry

Back 30

highest social class in the 13 English colonies p. 126

Front 31

Middle Class

Back 31

in the 13 English colonies, a class that included skilled craftsworkers, farmers, and some trades-people p. 126

Front 32

Indentured Servant

Back 32

person who agreed to work without wages for a period of time in exchange for passage to the colonies p. 126

Front 33

Gullah

Back 33

combination of English and West African language spoken by African Americans in the South
Carolina colony p. 126

Front 34

Great Awakening

Back 34

religious movement in the English colonies in the early 1700s p. 127

Front 35

Public School

Back 35

school supported by taxes p. 128

Front 36

Tutor

Back 36

private teacher p. 128

Front 37

Apprentice

Back 37

person who learns a trade or craft from a master p. 128

Front 38

Dame School

Back 38

private school run by a woman, usually in her own home. p. 128

Front 39

Enlightement

Back 39

movement in Europe in the 1600s and 1700s that emphasized the use of reason p. 129

Front 40

Libel

Back 40

act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a person's reputation p. 130