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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How much more water than naturally received does Israel consume? |
500 billion litres |
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What are aquifers being polluted with? |
Sea water (salt water incursion) and chemical waste |
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How is water from the Mountain Aquifer split? |
18% to Palestinians 80% to Israelis |
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Which technologies improve water security in the Negev desert in Israel? |
Desalination plants and drip fed irrigation |
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Where is water being piped from to dilute the water? |
The Mediterranean |
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How is Syria threatening Israel's water supply? |
Looking to redirect and dam the rivers Jordan and Yarmouk (upstream from Israel) |
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How is water recycled? |
90% of cotton is irrigated with Sewage water |
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What are the impacts of water insecurity on food supply? |
Agricultural output has reduced so food imports have increased |
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Describe the 'Six Day War' |
1967 Arab states object to Israel's policy on water extraction and attempt to divert water with bomb attacks |
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What are the pressure on water supply in Middle Eastern/N African region? |
Water scarcity Drought Poor access Declining oil reserves; economic crush Rising population; increasing demand for food and water |
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How have Middle Eastern renewable water sources changed in size over time? |
1960 - now; halved in size Expected to halve again by 2050 |
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What is the relationship between water and population in the Middle East? Then specific to Jordan |
5% the worlds population but only 1% worlds water Jordanians consume 200 m3 pp pa World average is 500 m3 pp pa 89% water used in agriculture |
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Historically, how has Turkey generated most of it's GDP? |
Tourism
High yielding agriculture because they have few oil reserves |
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What are the implications of this? |
Need a lot of water! |
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Why is Turkey's latest plan to build a dam controversial? |
The dam on the Tigris River would reduce flow downstream to Syria and Iraq who oppose the construction The World Bank has pulled out of funding as 'unethical' |
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What has Turkey done in response? |
Agreed to release water to Syria but not Iraq. |
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With what other country is Turkey doing business with? |
They're shipping water to Israel in return for high tech and military support |
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What is the main aim of the Gap Project, Turkey? |
To boost the economy in S.E. Anatolia, the lowest income region of Turkey Spiral of decline, brain drain, poor education systems etc. |
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How much does the project cost and what does it entail? |
$32bn Integrated water and energy supply system allowing cash crops such as lentils to be grown and sold |
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Why is water extraction in Turkey criticised? |
They only harvest and us 16% rainfall |
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What do governments fear? |
Water may be used as a political weapon (already evident with oil) |
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What was controversial about the Ilisn Dam? |
Flooded 12th century village Increased risk of malaria 34,000 refugees Wetlands created release significant amounts of CO2 and methane |
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Which player pulled out of the dam project? |
Swedish construction giant Sanskanas |
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What does the Gap project consist of? |
22 dams 19 HEP plants supplying 22% nations electricity |
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What is the economy expected to do? |
Increase four fold |
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In the past 30 years, how much has Nigeria made in oil revenues? |
$1.1 trillion |
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Who drills bore holes and why? |
Private businesses (more expensive) because government too corrupt |
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2014-2015 what happened to the price of a jerry can of water in Nigeria? |
Doubled |
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Which countries have the most and least water available per person, and how much is this? |
Canada 800 litres pp /day Ethiopia 1 litre pp /day |
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How much of Canada and Ethiopia's water is from renewable sources? |
m3 pp /year, proportion left by 2050 Canada 92,650, 76% Ethiopia 1,750, 1/3 |
