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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Microbiology is the study of what? |
Bacteria Viruses Parasites Fungi |
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Bacteriology is the study of? |
Bacteria |
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Virology is the study of? |
Viruses |
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Parasitology is the study of? |
Parasites |
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Mycology is the study of? |
Fungi |
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Pathogenic |
Something that is disease producing |
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Hooke |
This man discovered the "cell" in "cell theory". |
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Van Leeuwenhoek |
This man discovered bacteria and called them "animalcules". |
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Pasteur |
This man disproved the theory of "spontaneous generation" by experiments using "swan-necked" flasks or "U" tubes. This ensured there was NO contamination of media. |
Spontaneous generation was the belief that living things could be derived from inanimate objects |
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Media |
A material made up of water, sugars, proteins and/ or fats that organisms can utilize to grow on or in. |
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Biogenesis |
The fact that living cells arise ONLY from pre-existing cells. |
Pasteur also proved that biogenesis was real. |
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Pasteur is also known for his work in what? |
Pasteurization and fermentation |
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Who coined the word "vaccine" as he worked with the virus that causes rabies |
Pasteur |
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Jenner |
Is considered the Father of Immunology |
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Immunology |
The study of how we fight infection |
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What did Jenner discover? |
People who had cowpox were immune to smallpox! He also made a vaccine against smallpox. |
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What did Jenner discover? |
People who had cowpox were immune to smallpox! He also made a vaccine against smallpox. |
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Vaccine |
A preparation of a weakened microorganism that produce immunity. |
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Who is Joseph Lister |
The founder of aseptic surgery |
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Alexander Fleming |
Found that a mold, Penicillin Notatum, produces a waste product that prevents bacteria from growing and called it Penicillin. |
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Paul Ehrlich |
Found and studied antibodies in immunity. He also worked with the disease syphillis. Also founded and coined the word " chemotherapy. Which means treating a disease by chemical substances. |
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Chemotherapy |
Means treating a disease by use of chemical substances |
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What was Koch famous for? |
He founded solid culture "media" and discovered the organisms that causes TB, called Mycobacterium |
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What was Koch famous for? |
He founded solid culture "media" and discovered the organisms that causes TB, called Mycobacterium |
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What are the 2 types of culture? |
1. Pure culture, when only one organism is growing on the media.
2. Mixed culture; When two or more organisms are growing together. |
Agar is a complex sugar used as a solidifying agent in culture media. |
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Who discovers the Germ Theory, which states a specific microorganism causes a specific disease? |
Koch |
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Taxonomy |
The classification and naming of organisms. |
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Taxonomy |
The classification and naming of organisms. |
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What are the 5 Kingdoms? |
1. Monera- contains bacteria and blue-green algae. 2. Protista- contains slime molds and other algae. 3. Fungi- contains yeasts and molds. 4. Plant 5. Animal |
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Genus |
Is the family group of a particular organism and the 1st letter is ALWAYS capitalized! |
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Genus |
Is the family group of a particular organism and the 1st letter is ALWAYS capitalized! |
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Specie |
Is the name of the actual disease and is written in all lowercase letters! |
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What are the 2 kinds of CELLS?? |
1. Eukaryotic 2. Prokaryotic |
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What makes Eukaryotic Cells unique? |
Only found in Humans, animals or fungi. They have DNA in a NUCLEUS, surrounded by nuclear membrane. The have organelles, particularly Mitochondria, where cell respiration occurs! This is where the cells make energy (ATP)! Has double helix shaped DNA. |
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What makes Eukaryotic Cells unique? |
Only found in Humans, animals or fungi. They have DNA in a NUCLEUS, surrounded by nuclear membrane. The have organelles, particularly Mitochondria, where cell respiration occurs! This is where the cells make energy (ATP)! Has double helix shaped DNA. |
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What makes Prokaryotic Cells unique? |
They are BACTERIA cells! The do have DNA but It's NOT membrane bound! NO organelles or mitochondria or large ribosomes! The have a semi rigid cell wall. Some bacteria are noble due to having flagella. They DO NOT have cilia. They have singular, circular shaped DNA. |
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Characteristics of Bacteria |
- Are Procaryotic, simple cells - all divide by binary fission -cell respiration occurs in the cell membrane |
Cell membrane is where ATP (energy) is produced! |
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What are the 3 shapes of bacteria? |
Round, Rod and Spiral |
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What are the 3 shapes of bacteria? |
Round, Rod and Spiral |
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Characteristics of Fungi |
- Fungi are Eucaryotic - They require organic material for growth (sugar, proteins or lipids) - do NOT use sunlight or CO2! - NOT classified as a plant! -Are either UNIcellular (yeasts) - or MULTIcellular (molds) - Can reproduce either sexually OR asexually! |
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What are the 3 shapes of bacteria? |
Round, Rod and Spiral |
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Characteristics of Fungi |
- Fungi are Eucaryotic - They require organic material for growth (sugar, proteins or lipids) - do NOT use sunlight or CO2! - NOT classified as a plant! -Are either UNIcellular (yeasts) - or MULTIcellular (molds) - Can reproduce either sexually OR asexually! |
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Benefits of Fungi |
-Produce Molds like Penicillins - Provides flavor and texture to cheeses!! -Used for insect control (pesticide), will secrete toxin to kill certain pests ( like locusts!)
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Characteristics of Protazoans |
-They are parasites - They are eucaryotic - Are UNICELLULAR and have a complex structure. Ex ( cilia, flagella) - classified by locomotion -NO CELL WALLS - reproduce sexually or asexually - |
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Characteristics of Virsuses |
- NOT composed of CELLS - Contain DNA OR RNA; not BOTH! - Have a protein coat - do NOT metabolize nutrients to carry out chemical reactions -can NOT reproduce! - NEED a LIVING cell to reproduce! (Plants, animals or humans!) - easily attaches to mucous membranes! - once inside host cell, virus instructs DNA to make copies of the virus! |
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