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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four particular laws of physics that are relevant to mechanism of injury? |
Newton’s first law of physics - a body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an outside force Law of conservation of energy - energy is neither created or destroyed, but changes form Newton’s second law of physics - the force that an object exerts on another object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration The law of moving objects - kinetic energy is the energy associated with motion and reflects the connection between weight and speed |
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What is the difference between compression and shearing injuries? |
Shearing - The result of one organ or structure changing speed faster than another organ or structure Compression - results from an organ or structure being directly squeezed between other organs or structures |
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What are the five categories of motor vehicle crashes? |
1. Frontal impact 2. Rear impact 3. Lateral impact 4. Rotational impact 5. Rollover |
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What are the essential concepts for mechanism of injury? |
Assessment: primary- correct life threats, ensure airway latency, optimise oxygenation, avoid hypotension/hypoxia. Secondary- observations, pulse ox, GCS/pupils, BGLs, EtCO2 Decision-making - minimise out of hospital time, transport direct to a appropriate care centre Airway- use airway adjuncts as required to maintain airway patency and keep SpO2 >92%. Stabilise cervical spine as required (ensure it does not restrict venous return) Breathing - apply supplemental oxygen, avoid hyperventilation, keep it simple: bag-valve-mask ventilation Circulation - maintain SBP within recommended ranges: >100 aged 50-69, > 110 aged 15-40, 70+ |
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What are the injuries associated with the 5 phases of blast injury? |
Primary- the impact of the over-pressurisation wave with body surfaces: affects gas filled structures- lungs, GI tract, ear drum(middle ear) Secondary- injury as a result of debris or shrapnel caused by the blast Tertiary- results from the individual being thrown by the blast wind Quarternary- injury as a result of gas and flames Quinary- injury as a result of bacteria |
