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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does the phospholipid bilayer form? And what type of membrane is this? |
Two sheets of phospholipids come together with the hydrophobic tails sandwiched between the hydrophilic heads. They form a semi-permeable membrane |
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What are some of the functions of the cell membrane? *hint there are four of them |
-organization of the cell (into different compartments ect.) -transport -ionic balance/ water balance -proteins detect the environment around the cell |
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What are the four different types of molecules in order of how hard they are to transport across the cell membrane? And give an example of each. (using words like small, charged, ect) |
1. small, uncharged, non-polar (ect. O2, CO2, N2) 2. small, uncharged, polar (ect. H2O, Glycerol) 3. large, uncharged, polar (Glucose, Sucrose) 4. ions (H+, Cl-, K+, Na+) |
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What is Passive transport and give two examples of it? |
Transport that uses no energy, moves with the concentration gradient Ex: 1. Simple Diffusion (Osmosis) 2. Facilitated Diffusion |
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Most channel proteins are called gated proteins because they open and close in response to the bidding of a particular particle. How do the particles move back and forth when the gates are open? |
Ions flow from high to low concentration and from areas of like charge to areas of unlike charge. They move along what is called the electrochemical gradient. |
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What is active transport and give two examples of it? |
Transport uses energy, requires a membrane protein that must undergo shape change and it is against the concentration gradient. Ex. 1. Primary Transport 2. Secondary Transport |
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Where does the energy from Active Transport come from? |
From ATP or from another source like secondary transport |
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Describe Primary transport. |
Pump (Most common is the sodium- potassium pump) - allow cells to import molecules that have a high concentration inside the cell, but a low concentration outside or expels damaging molecules or ions even if the gradient favours them |
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Describe Secondary Transport, sometimes called co-transport |
It uses the concentration gradient set up by pumps (primary transport) - when pumps are used they set up their own electrochemical gradient, which allow ions of the opposite charge to flow into or out of the cell |
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What is bulk transport? Give some examples. |
Transport used to move giant molecules or groups of molecules Ex. 1. Endocytosis 2. Exocytosis 3. Pinocytosis |
