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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the buzzwords for trachoma conjunctivitis?
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Arlt's lines-white lines in the superior palpebral conjunctiva when you flip the lids due to scarring left by follicles
Herbert's pits-limbal follicles where the conjunctiva used to be that is now appears like a dent or pit in the conjunctiva |
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What three oral antibiotics should be taken on an empty stomach?
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Remember you PAT and empty stomach
1. Penicillin 2. Azythromycin 3. Tetracyclines, except doxycycline |
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What disease corresponds to the buzzword, "butterfly rash"?
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lupus
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Is DES more common in males or females?
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way more common in females
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What are four important signs of keratoconjunctivitis sicca?
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Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is by definition dry eye caused by decreased aqueous secretion.
Signs include: M39FD 1. Reduced or absent tear meniscus (1mm in height is normal) 2. Variable corneal and conjunctival staining, classic inferiorly and at 3 and 9 o'clock (interpalpebral) with fluorescein, rose bengal or lissamine green 3. Corneal filaments 4. Excess mucous or debris in tear film |
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What do Rose Bengal and Lissamine green stain as opposed to what fluroscein stains on the cornea/conj?
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Rose Bengal and Lissamine green stain dead and devitalized cells and cells that have lost their mucous covering. Fluoroscein stains epithelial defects
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What are the causes or risk factors associated with keratoconjunctivitis sicca?
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Dry eye Can Always Inhibit Girls Contact lens wear
1. Drugs (e.g. Beta Blockers, Oral Antihistamines, and Hormone Replacement Therapy) 2. Collagen Vascular Disease (e.g.) Sjogren's syndrome, lupus 3. Vitamin A Deficiency (xerophthalmia (typically a result of malnutrition or intestinal malabsorption and will typically result in Bitot's spots.) 4. Idiopathic (involutional)-affects 5-30% of the population over 50 yoa 5. Gender-more common in women 6. Contact Lens wear-approximately 50% of contact lens wearers have dry eye syndrome. |
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What is premarin and what ocular risk factor does it have?
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Premarin is estrogen only hormone replacement therapy that can lead to severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca and can be switched by the patients medical doctor to a combination therapy if warranted
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What is a common cause of Salzmann's nodular degeneration?
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longstanding keratitis or associated trachoma
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What is a common ocular finding in patients with gout?
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band keratopathy, but band keratopathy can also be found in JRA. However gout, is most often in men.
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How do you treat Salzmann's nodular degeneration?
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Mild cases are observed or treated with lubrication. If causing symptoms, superficial keratectomy or excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) can be performed.
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What is the classical treatment for acne rosacea?
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Doxycycline 100mg bid until symptoms are relieved (usually 2-6 weeks) and then tapered 100mg qd for several weeks thereafter.
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What is periostat?
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a low-dose 20mg doxycycline tablet that you may use for long term doxycycline treatment for rosacea
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How can you treat telangiectasia in acne rosacea patients?
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a pulsed dye laser or green tinted cosmetics
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Name three possible treatments for rhinophyma in a patient with advanced acne rosacea?
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1. Carbon dioxide laser.
2. Incisional surgery 3. Electrocauterization |
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Who do you refer a patient with Lupus to for diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus?
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a rheumatologist
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Who do you refer a patient with lupus to for treatment of cutaneous lupus?
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a dermatologist
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What is the corneal condition buzzword for syphillis?
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Interstitial Kerattis
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What is one of the only AR inherited corneal dystrophy? Remember most are AD inheritance pattern.
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the Mac Daddy-"macular dystrophy"
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How do you treat Fuch's Endothelial Dystrophy?
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1. Muro 128 5% oph soln qid
2. Muro 128 ung qhs |
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When should you Rx antiglaucoma medications in a Fuch's dystrophy patient?
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If the IOP>20
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How do you treat ruptured corneal bullae secondary to late stage Fuch's endothelial dystrophy?
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like a corneal abrasion, if pain and vision loss are very significant refer them to an ophthalmologist for a PKP corneal transplant.
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How do you treat disciform keratitis?
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1. pred forte qid
2. viroptic qid Remember that steroids are only contraindicated in HSK epithelial keratitis. If you don't use a steroid for HSK stromal keratitis (a.k.a. disciform keratitis) the patient will undoubtedly lose vision due to corneal scarring. |
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What are the buzzword drugs that you need to think of when they ask about pigmentary deposition in the cornea side effects?
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chlorpromazine and thyoridazine
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What condition is a corneal scraping that is positive for multnucleated giant cells a buzzword for?
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herpes simplex I
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When would you stop or taper the viroptic gtts in a herpes simplex stromal keratitis case?
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Once you reduce the pred forte to 2-3 times a day. Be careful not to use only steroid gtts so that you don't weaken the immune system and allow the virus to come raging back.
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What do you think of when you hear the treatment buzzword, "gold weight implant?"
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exposure keratopathy
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What are the differentials for conditions that effect lid closure?
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1. Nocturnal lagophthalmos
2. Floppy Eyelid Syndrome 3. Thyroid Eye disease 4. Bell's Palsy |
