Tissues

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tissues

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groups of cells that have shared functions and origin (how they're made)

four basic types: epithelial, connective, muscular,and nervous tissue

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loose fibrous tissue

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connective tissue; composed of elastic fibers, collagen fibers, and fibroblasts; supports epithelium and internal organs

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dense fibrous tissue

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composed of densely packed collagen fibers and fibroblasts; found in ligaments and tendons

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cartilage

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cells in chambers called lacunae and matrix made of chondroblasts and chondrocytes

three types; hyaline (most common; composed of fine collagen fibers), elastic (more elastic fibers, flexible), fibro (matrix contains strong collagen fibers)

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bone

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cells surrounded by matrix of inorganic salts that deposited around protein fibers (especially collagen); spongy and compact

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blood

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composed of red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes) in plasma; transports nutrients and oxygen to other tissues, removes wastes, and distributes heat

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lymph

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derived from fluids surrounding tissues; contains white blood cells (leukocytes)

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junctions

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cells are connected via junction; connective tissues do not have these; three types: tight (connection between plasma membrane proteins), gap (plasma membrane channels fused together), and adhesion (interconnected cytoskeletons)

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skeletal muscle

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muscle tissue; striated; involved in moving bone; almost always attached to bone; voluntary

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smooth muscle

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muscle tissue; found in intestines; involuntary

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cardiac muscle

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muscle tissue; has striations and branching fibers; only found in the heart; involuntary (has a self-contained pulse)

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simple squamous

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single layer of flat cells over basement membrane; found in lining of lungs and blood vessels; diffusion

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simple cuboidal

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single layer of cubic cells over basement membrane; found in lining of kidney tubules and most glands; absorbs molecules

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simple columnar

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single layer of column-like cells over a basement membrane interspersed with goblet cells that secret mucus;found in lining of small intestine and uterine tubes; absorbs nutrients

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pseudostratified ciliated columnar

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appears stratified but is actually simple; covered in cilia and interspersed with goblet cells that secrete mucus; found in lining of trachea; sweeps impurities away

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stratified squamous

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multiple layers of flat cells over a basement membrane; found in lining of nose, mouth, esophagus, anal canal, and vagina; protects