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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the latin name for hard ticks? |
Ixodid |
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What is the lifecycle of Ixodids? |
Larvae, nymph, adult One host ticks = spend all lifecycle on same individual Two host ticks = spend larval and nymph stages on one individual and adult stages on another Three host ticks = spend all three lifestages on different individuals |
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What diseases can be transmitted by Ixodid (hard ticks)? |
- Kyasanur Forest Disease - 3 host ticks (birds --> monkey --> cattle) - no vaccine - dead monkeys = sign of outbreak - Rickettsias - Lyme Disease - Tick paralysis |
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How would one treat Ixodid infection? |
Ivermectin |
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How would one control Ixodid infection? |
- Treatment of livestock/pets with insecticide - Long trousers and closed shoes |
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What vectors are these? |
Ixodid (hard ticks) |
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What vectors are these? |
Soft ticks (Argasidae) |
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What diseases can Argasidaes transmit (soft ticks) |
Tick borne relapsing fever -transmitted via saliva and coxical fluid released to stop the tick bursting -presented as fluctuating fever -treat with tetracycline |
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How would one control Argasidae infections? |
- sweep floor - improve housing - raise beds - repellents |
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What is this? |
Sarcoptes scabei |
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What is the common name for Sarcoptes scabei? |
Scabies |
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What is the lifecycle of Sarcoptes scabei? |
Egg Larvae Nymph Adult Female burrows under skin to lay eggs |
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How is Sarcoptes scabei transmitted? |
Human to human transmission only Must be skin to skin Highly contagious |
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What are the symptoms of Sarcoptes scabei? |
Itchy rash In immunosuppressed people the itch response is suppressed, leading to an increase in mite population |
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How would you diagnose Sarcoptes scabei infection? |
Rash on body Mites on body - BUT hard to see as they burrow into tunnels on the skin |
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How would one treat Sarcoptes scabei infection? |
Topical application of Permethrin Ivermectin |
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What is this? |
Leptotrombidium sp |
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What is the lifecycle of Leptotrombidium? |
1. Egg 2. Larvae - parasitic form - wait on vegetation 3. Nymph - falls into soil 4. Adult |
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What is the usual host for Leptotrombidium? |
Rodents |
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How would you control Leptotrombidium infection? |
Wear boots/Long trousers Repellents Burning mite islands Fogging |
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What is this? |
Pediculus humanus (body louse) Or Pediculus capitis (head louse) |
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What diseases can Pediculus humanus transmit? |
- Louse borne epidemic typhus - Trench fever - Epidemic relapsing fever |
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What are the clinical manifestations of Pediculus humanus infection? |
Lots of bites, especially around clothing seams |
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How is Pediculus humanus transmitted? |
Eggs attach to clothing Spread by close contact |
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How can Pediculus humanus infection be removed? |
- Washing and changing clothes - Dry in sunlight - Insecticides |
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What is this? |
Pthiris pubis |
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What is the latin name for head lice? |
Pediculus capitis |
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How is Pediculus capitis transmitted? |
Touching heads Sharing hats |
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How is Pediculus capitis removed? |
Live combs Insecticide containing shampoo Dimectone lotion, makes hair slippery |
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What is the latin name for pubic lice? |
Pthiris pubis |
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How is Pthiris pubis transmitted? |
Sex Sharing a bed |
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How is Pthiris pubis removed? |
Shave hair off Apply Vaseline on pubes to make them slippy |
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What are the two classes of fleas? |
Combed - cat and dog fleas Combless - human and tropical rat fleas |
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What flea is this? |
Xenopsylla |
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What flea is this? |
Pulex - human flea |
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What diseases are transmitted by fleas? |
Plague (Yersinia pestis) Vector = Pulex and Xenopsylla - Bubonic = flea - human transmission - Pneumonic = human - human transmission More deadly! Murine typhus - Vector = Xenopsylla - Transmitted through rat faeces rubbed into wounds |
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How would one control Fleas? |
- Insecticide spraying of rat burrows - Warfarin (rodenticide) - Bait boxes |
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What is the latin name for Lyme Disease? |
Borrelia Burgdorferi |
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What diseases do Leptotrombidium mites carry? |
Scrub typhus |
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What is the latin name for Scrub typhus? |
Orienta Tsutsugamushi |
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What is the latin name for Tick Borne Relapsing fever? |
Borrelia Duttonii |
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What is the latin name for Murine Typhus? |
Rickettsia typhi |
