Think Sociology Chapter 5

Front 1

Socialization

Back 1

is the process that teaches the norms, values, and other aspects of a culture to new group members.

Front 2

Primary Socialization

Back 2

is socialization that occurs during childhood.

Front 3

Secondary Socialization

Back 3

is the dynamic whereby socialization continues throughout our lives.

Front 4

Nature Theory

Back 4

states that the genes we get from our parents at conception are the primary causes of human behaviors.

Front 5

Nurture Theory

Back 5

states that our environment influences the way we think, feel, and behave.

Front 6

Feral

Back 6

means wild.

Front 7

Looking-Glass Self

Back 7

is the theory that the self develops through a process of reflection, like a mirror.

Front 8

"I" self

Back 8

is the subjective of the self.

Front 9

"Me" Self

Back 9

is the objective part of the self.

Front 10

Imitation Stage

Back 10

is Mead's first stage of development, which is the period from birth to about age 2, and is the stage at which children merely copy behaviors of those around them.

Front 11

Play Stage

Back 11

is Mead's second stage of development, which occurs around the ages of 2-4 years, during which children play roles and begin to take on the characteristics of important people in the world.

Front 12

Game Stage

Back 12

is Mead's third stage of development that never truly ends, and is the stage in which we begin to understand that others have expectations and demands placed upon them.

Front 13

The Generalized other

Back 13

is our sense of others.

Front 14

Psychosocial Crisis

Back 14

is a crisis occuring during each of Erikson's stages that will be resolved either positvely or negatively, and each outcome will have an effect on our ability to deal with the next one.

Front 15

Cognitive Development

Back 15

is a person's ability to think and reason.

Front 16

Sensorimotor Stage

Back 16

is the stage (birth to age 2 years) at which infants learn to experience and think about the world through their senses and motor skills.

Front 17

Preoperatioal Stage

Back 17

is the stage (ages 2 through 7 years) at which the ability to speak grows rapidly.

Front 18

Concrete Operational Stage

Back 18

is the stage (ages 7 through 12 years) at which children can think about objects in the world in more than one way and start to understand casual connections in their surroundings.

Front 19

Formal Operational Stage

Back 19

is the stage (ages 12 years and above) at which people become able to comprehend amd abstract thought.

Front 20

Preconvential Level

Back 20

is the first stage of moral development that lasts through elementary school years; at this level, children make their moral judgements within a framework of hedonistic principles.

Front 21

Hedonism

Back 21

is seeking pleasure over pain.

Front 22

Conventional Level

Back 22

is the second stage of moral development that arises before puberty and uses the lens of norms and rules to determine what is right and wrong.

Front 23

Postconventional Level

Back 23

is the third stage of moral development that refers to a morality based on abstract principles.

Front 24

Morality of Justice

Back 24

is morality based on the rule of law.

Front 25

Morality of Care

Back 25

is morally decided by a standard of how best to help those who are in need.

Front 26

Agents of Socialization

Back 26

are the people and groups who shape our self-concept, beliefs, and behavior.

Front 27

Authoritative Style

Back 27

is a parenting style in which parents listen to their children's input while consistently enforcing the present rules.

Front 28

Permissive Style

Back 28

is a parenting style in which parents provide high levels of support but an inconsistent enforcement of rules.

Front 29

Authoritarian Style

Back 29

is a parenting style with which children experience high levels of social control but low levels of emotional support.

Front 30

Resocialization

Back 30

is the process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors and abandoning old ones.

Front 31

Total Institutions

Back 31

are places in which the most effective forms of resocialization can occur because they isolate people from outside influences so they can be reformed and controlled.

ex: prison

Front 32

Hidden Curriculum

Back 32

refers to the lessons taught in school that are unrelated to academic learning.

Front 33

Gender Socialization

Back 33

teaches members of society how to express their masculinity or femininity.

Front 34

Gender

Back 34

is the expectations of behavior and attitude that a society considers proper for males and females.

Front 35

Mass Media

Back 35

include any print or electronic resource that is used to communicate to a wide audience.

Front 36

Social Policies

Back 36

are deliberate strategies designed to correct recognized social problems.

Front 37

Title IX

Back 37

is a 1972 educational amendment that prohibits the exclusion of any person from participation in an educational program on the basis of gender.