Therio Test Canine Repro

Front 1

The _____is the only breed that has a single annual seasonal ovulation.

Back 1

Basenji

Front 2

Anestrus in the dog is from the end of _______ to ______-

Back 2

luteal phase to proestrus

Front 3

Define anestrus endocrinologically (2 things)

Back 3

1. P4 less than 1-2ng/ml
2) FSH & estrogens rise during last 2 months before estrus

Front 4

How long does anestrus in the dog last?

Back 4

4-5months

Front 5

What 5 breeds have a shorted than avg interestrus interval?

Back 5

-German Shep
-Rottweilers
-Basset hound
-cocker spaniels
-labs

Front 6

What is the minimum normal interestrus in dogs?

Back 6

4 months

Front 7

_______ (hormone) is important in maintaining the length of anestrus in the dog.

Back 7

Prolactin

Front 8

What 2 chemicals can suppress prolactin production?

Back 8

-bromocriptine
-cabergoline

Front 9

A vaginal cytology is done of a canine & superficial cells are seen. What repro stage is the dog in?

Back 9

proestrus

Front 10

Which of the following is FALSE of proestrus in the dog?
a) superficial cells seen
b) not receptive to mating
c) FSH begins to increase
d) P4 begins to rise
e) estrogen is rising to peak

Back 10

C - FSH has already decreased (did its work earlier)

Front 11

In the dog
The LH peak is often used to define the first day of _______endocrinologically

Back 11

estrus

Front 12

What is the cytological definition of estrus in dogs?

Back 12

cornification of superficial cells

Front 13

When does ovulation in the dog occur?

Back 13

2-3days after LH surge

Front 14

Which of the following is FALSE of estrus in the dog?
a) fertilization takes place 24-48hrs after ovulation
b) LH surge last 24-96hrs
c) oocytes ovulated as primary oocytes
d) fertilization takes place after 1st meiotic division

Back 14

A

Front 15

How long can spermatozoa live in the canine uterus during estrus?

Back 15

7-8days

Front 16

vaginal cytology of the dogs changes to parabasal _____days after LH

Back 16

8-9days

Front 17

Which of the following is TRUE of the canine cycle?
a) progesterone peaks 30 days after LH surge
b) relaxin is high in pregnant animals
c) P4 is elevated will before ovulation
d) LH and prolactin increase during the 2nd half of diestrus
e) all are true

Back 17

E

Front 18

Ovulation occurs the _____ day of estrus in the dog.

Back 18

3rd

Front 19

When should breeding occur in the dog

Back 19

-from day 1-6 of estrus
-day 10-15 after bleeding first noticed

Front 20

Which of the following hormones are best for estimating the time of breeding (more than 1)?
a) estrogen
b) progesterone
c) LH
d) FSH

Back 20

B & C

Front 21

When canine breeding must be critically timed breeding should be performed ______after P4 is_____ng/ml

Back 21

1 day after P4 exceeds 8-10ng/ml

Front 22

What methods are available to measure LH and P4 in the dog?

Back 22

LH
-RIA only in few labs
-ELIZA in house assay available
P4
-RIA & ELIZA both readily available

Front 23

What is the optimum time for breeding using LH or P4 in the normal dog?

Back 23

- day of LH surge to 5 days after
-day P4> 2ng/ml to 4 days after

Front 24

When does P4 = 2ng/ml

Back 24

the day of LH surge or day later

Front 25

Which of the following is FALSE of canine breeding?
a) ultrasound can be used to observe ovulation
b) estrogen is elevated in late proestrus
c) estrogen is a practical assay for determining LH surge
d) culture is the test of choice for brucella canine
e) C & D

Back 25

E
-estrogen is NOT a practical assay for determining LH surge
-serology NOT culture is the test of choice for B.canis

Front 26

What does a negative titer for canine herpesvirus indicate? What should be done?

Back 26

-means female is susceptible
-isolate last 3 wks of gestation and 3 wks following whelping

Front 27

91% postive aerobic bacteria cultures come from the ______vagina

Back 27

caudal

Front 28

Where is the semen deposited in immediate collection and AI in the dog?

Back 28

fornix of vagina

Front 29

optimum fertilization in the dog occurs _____days before ______

Back 29

4days before day 1 of cytological diestrus
(5days after LH peak)

Front 30

conception rate is the dog is over 90% when?

Back 30

for a period of 8 days than begins 10days before day 1 of cytological diestrus

Front 31

Gestation length will vary whenever the date of _____ is used as the starting point of gestation.

Back 31

date of breeding

gestation begins w/ fertilization NOT breeding

Front 32

litter size has only a small effect on gestation length when measured from ____, but a _____effect when measured from ______ or ______.

Back 32

breeding, but large effect when measured from LH surge of Cyto diestrus

Front 33

Which of the following hormones in the dog increased in late luteal phase in both pregnant & nonpregnant?
a) FSH
b) estrogen
c) progesterone
d) LH
e) Prolactin

Back 33

LH

Front 34

Which of the following is FALSE of canine hormones?
a) prolactin is low in nonpregnant during most of diestrus
b) relaxin peaks 2-3wks before parturition
c) estradial is higher in pregnant than nonpregnant
d)relaxin is produced by placenta

Back 34

C
estradial high in nonpreg
estrone high in pregnant

Front 35

When can radiographic imaging by used to diagnosis pregnancy? what about ultrasound

Back 35

43-46days post-breeding
ultrasound: 20 days

Front 36

When can abdominal palpation be used for diagnosis of pregnancy?

Back 36

25-35days post breeding

Front 37

List the hormones that change around the time of initiation of parturition?

Back 37

-fetal ACTH increase
-fetal adrenal cortisol increase
-estrogen increase
-PGF2 increase
-progesterone decrease
-oxytocin increase

Front 38

Which of the following may be given at day 57 to cause parturition in the dog?
a) GnRh
b) prostaglandin
c) oxytocin
d) dexamethasone
e) cortisol

Back 38

D

Front 39

prolonged gestation is considered to be more than ____days after ovulation

Back 39

65days

Front 40

Where is the fornix on a canine penis?

Back 40

over the bulbus glandis, visible as a white line when penis is erect

Front 41

During prolonged copulation most of the volume of fluid is produced from the ______.

Back 41

prostate

Front 42

what accessory sex glands does the dog have

Back 42

prostate only

Front 43

What fraction of semen contains almost all of the ejaculated spermatozoa?

Back 43

the 2nd fraction

Front 44

What is the mechanism of action of estrus suppression w/steroid administration?

Back 44

negative feedback on the pituitary & hypothalamus, by suppressing LH, FSH, GnRH release

Front 45

What is the only progestin approved for estrus suppression?

Back 45

Ovaban (megastrol acetate)

Front 46

_____appear to be the safest and most reliable of the steroids used for contraception & estrus suppression

Back 46

androgens (testosterone)

Front 47

Name 3 possible mechanisms of action of estrogen?

Back 47

1. impair movement of ova through oviduct
2. delays uterine gland production of proteins necessary for embryo survival
3. impairs implantation

Front 48

What is primary uterine inertia?

Back 48

uterine contraction cease before expulsion of puppy

Front 49

What is secondary uterine inertia?

Back 49

prolonged uterine contractions cease after prolonged effort

Front 50

List the drugs commonly used to medically relieve dystocia?

Back 50

oxytocin
calcium
ergonovine
glucose
tranquilizers

Front 51

What is the tx for metritis and what is metritis?

Back 51

bacteria enter uterus through open cervix & multiply in retained tissues
tx: systemic antibiotics, ecbolic agents

Front 52

How long does uterine involution take?

Back 52

12wks

Front 53

How is subinvolution of placental sites (SIPS) treated?

Back 53

No routine tx
spontaneous remission

Front 54

When will abortion occur w/ Brucella canis?

Back 54

7-9wks of gestation

Front 55

How is Brucella canis transmitted and what is the best treatment?

Back 55

transmitted by ingestion of infected tissue & venereal transmission
-postive dogs should have OHE

Front 56

Which of the following is the most common bacterium cultured from the vagina?
a) campylobacter
b) B.canis
c) salmonella
d) E.coli

Back 56

D

Front 57

Vaginal hyperplasia is most often associated w/ what part of the canine cycle

Back 57

proestrus & estrus

Front 58

Which of following is TRUE of pyometra
a) tx w/ estrogens or progestins increase risk
b) closed cervix often assoc w/ severe systemic signs
c) occurs in dogs that have gone through multiple diestrus / pregnancy
d) medical tx should be tried before surgery

Back 58

All of the above are true EXCEPT D

Front 59

What is the best tx for pseudopregnancy?

Back 59

antiprolactin drugs -- cabergoline

Front 60

vaginal/vulvar neoplasia account for ________of all repro tumors

Back 60

over half

Front 61

what is the most common repro tumor?

Back 61

leiomyoma (benign)

Front 62

What is the most common malignant vaginal/vulvar tumor

Back 62

TVT

Front 63

Which of the following is FALSE of granulosa cell tumor
a) tumor of sex cord/stromal tumor
b) may have elevated estrogen or P4
c) usually concurrent CEH
d) all of the above

Back 63

D

Front 64

How is silent heat diagnosed and treated?

Back 64

P4 > 2ng/ml
tx: FSH

Front 65

Which of the following is NOT a cause of primary anestrus?
a) hyperadrenocorticism
b) ovarian aplasia
c) hyperthyroidism
d) autoimmune oophoritis

Back 65

C

Front 66

Which of the following can NOT be used to induce estrus?
a) bromocriptine
b) PGF
c) PMSG
d) DES
e) hMG

Back 66

B

Front 67

What is azoospermia and the possible causes?

Back 67

-lack of sperm in ejaculate
congenital, bilateral cryptochid, acquired

Front 68

Which of the following is NOT a cause of oligozoospermia?
a) autoimmune thryoiditis/orchitis
b) small testes
c) orchitis
d) prostatic dz

Back 68

A

Front 69

How might cryptorchidism be diagnosed?

Back 69

ultrasound, hCG, GnRH

Front 70

What is the most comon medical tx for crytorchidism?

Back 70

use of drugs providing luteinizing hormone:
LH & GnRH