Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
When is a C-section indicated?
|
cases of obstruction or fetal oversize
|
|
|
In which dog breed is primary inertia most common?
|
terriers
|
|
|
Inertia can happen d/t lack of what?
|
calcium
|
|
|
What 5 dzs are seen in late gestation & partuition?
|
septic metritis
pregnancy toxemia uterine torsion uterine rupture inguinal hernia |
|
|
What are the 3 conditions seen post partum?
|
metritis
SIPS eclampsia/puerperal tetany |
|
|
What are the 5 bacterial dzs that can cause pregnancy loss?
|
Brucella canis
Campylobacter jejuni Salmonella E. coli Beta-Hemolytic Strep |
|
|
What are the 4 viral dzs that can cause pregnancy loss?
|
CHV
Parvo Minute Virus Distemper |
|
|
What are the 3 types of vaginal hyperplasia?
|
Type I - excessive edema & swelling of vulva
Type II - tissue protrudes thru vulva Type III - vaginal prolapse into donut shaped mass |
|
|
What is the medical tx for CEH/pyometra?
|
Abx
PGs RU486 aglepristone E Testosterone recommend breeding at next estrus |
|
|
What is the tx for pseudocyesis?
|
cabergoline (antiprolactin)
androgens progesting |
|
|
What is the most common uterine tumor?
|
leiomyoma
|
|
|
What are the two types of germ cell tumors of the ovary?
|
dysgerminoma
teratoma |
|
|
How can you tell if a dog has been spayed or not?
|
palpation
increased LH & FSH challenge test: admin buserelin then 60-90min later check E levels if spayed then E will be > 15-10 pg/ml |
|
|
What could be 2 possible causes of seconary AE (prolonged IE >10 mo)?
|
hypothyroidism
age |
|
|
What gonadotropins can be used to induce estrus?
|
PMSG (cCG) +/- hCG or GnRH
hMG LH +/- FSH FSH +/- LH |
|
|
What are the 4 main types of drugs used to induce estrus?
|
gonadotropins
estrogens GnRH + analogs dopamine agonists/prolactin inhibitors |
|
|
Female has normal PE & E and successful copulation was achieved but no pregnancy. What could be the possible causes?
|
check male for breeding soundness
uterine infection cystic endometrial hyperplasia luteal insufficiency advanced age drugs occlusion of tubular tract systemic dz |
|
|
What are the 2 physical abnormalities in the female that could prevent nonreceptive behavior at estrus?
|
septae: dorso-ventral band at vagino-vestibular jxn
stricture: vagino-vestibular jxn |
|
|
What 2 hormones are increased with ovarian aplasia?
|
LH & FSH
|
|
|
_____: high #'s of morphologically shaped sperm
|
teratozoospermia
|
|
|
_____: abnormally low #'s of sperm in ejaculate
|
oligospermia
|
|
|
_____: sperm not as motile as should be
|
asthenozoospermia
|
|
|
What are 3 reasons why a male dog could "get it up"?
|
psychological
pain androgen insufficiency |
|
|
What are 4 reasons why a dog couldn't ejaculate?
|
age - m/b too young
pain drugs retrograde ejaculation |
|
|
What are 3 reasons why a male dog would not want to mate?
|
age - too young/too old
overuse - getting too much ax psychological |
|
|
What 4 other congenital defects is cryptorchidism usually associated with?
|
inguinal hernia
umbilical hernia hip dysplasia patellar luxation |
|
|
What 2 dog types are more likely to be cryptorchid?
|
Boxers & toy breeds
|
|
|
How can you tell if a dog has balls and they just haven't descended yet?
|
ultrasound or
hCG or GnRH stimulation test: inject GnRH and if 60 min later testosterone blood levels increase 2 fold then they are in there somewhere |
|
|
What is the most common medical tx for cryptorchidism?
|
give drugs with LH activity:
HCG or GnRH to induce endogenous LH |
|
|
What are the major problems with having a sertoli cell tumor?
|
he will get made fun of at the dog park b/c he's very girly
BM hypoplasia |
|
|
Which dog breed is most likely to get a testicular tumor?
|
boxers
|
|
|
______: ectopic urethral opening in male dog
|
hypospadias
|
|
|
_____: inflammation of the glans penis + preputial mucosa
|
balanoposthitis
|
|
|
Owner brings his dog in b/c his dog has a boner (literally) that won't go away. What do you tell the owner is wrong with his dog?
|
priapism
|
|
|
As part of a routine physical on an older dog, you palpate the prostate and find it to be enlarged. It is not causing the dog any problems now but what 2 things could it lead to?
|
prostatitis & cysts
|
|
|
______ cause is the most common type of acute prostatitis.
|
ascending
|
|
|
______: more severe & serious form of prostatitis
|
abscess
|
|
|
What is the best tx for BPH? If the owner refuses then what drug could you give to reduce DHT?
|
castration
finasteride |
|
|
Dex, mifepristone, aglepristine, epostane are all used for what?
|
pregnancy termination
|
|
|
_______: acts by competitively binding P4 receptors & terminating pregnancy
|
mifepristone
|
|
|
Stage 1 of partuition: fetal head engages cervix stimuating what neurohumoral reflex?
|
Ferguson's reflex
|
|
|
During Stage 2 of partuition there is a green discharge - what is it?
|
uteroverdin
|
|
|
When are fetal mbs delivered?
|
usually one pup then one mb and so on but m/b mult pups then mult mbs
|
|
|
What is considered normal presentation for birth?
|
anterior or posterior
more dystocias seen with posterior |
|
|
What is considered normal fetal position for birth?
|
dorsal-dorsal
dorsal-ilial |
|
|
Brachiocephalics are prone to what type of dystocia?
|
obstructive dystocia
|
|
|
What are the 6 breeds that have the greatest incidence of dystocia?
|
Chihuahua
Daschund Pekingese Yorkie Mini Poodle Pomeranian |
|
|
What are the 3 prolactin inhibitors used to cause abortion? Which are approved for use in the US?
|
bromocriptine - not US approved
cabergoline & metergoline - both US approved |
|
|
Giving dex prior to ___ days can cause pups to be born alive or dead.
Giving dex ____ days will cause partuition in 1-2 days. |
51
57-58 |
|
|
When is gestation considered prolonged?
|
>60 days a/f onset of cytoDE
>65 days a/f ovulation >75 days a/f breeding |
|
|
Using P4 to determine gestation length:
___ days if P4 is 4-10 ng/ml ___ days if P4 is 2-3.9 ng/ml ___ days if P4 is 1-1.9 ng/ml |
62-63 days if P4 is 4-10 ng/ml
64 days if P4 is 2-3.9 ng/ml 65 days if P4 is 1-1.9 ng/ml |
|
|
What is the safest & most reliable steroid used for contraception & estrus suppression?
Hint: given to racing greyhounds |
testoterone
|
|
|
Which of the following are approved for use in terminating pregnancy?
- estradiol cypionate - estradiol benzoate - diethylstibestrol |
none are approved but estradiol cypoinate is the most available
(diethylstilbestrol is not effective) |
|
|
PGF2a for pregnancy termination:
- give 100 ug/kg SQ q 8 hrs for _____ days then - give 200 ug/kg SQ q 8 hrs until pregnancy terminated |
2 days
|
|
|
What breeds have a normally shortened AE?
|
GS
Rotts Bassets Cockers Labs |
