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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is range of motion? |
Basic technique used for the examination of movement. |
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What is PROM? Define. |
Passive range of motion. Movement within unrestricted ROM produced entirely by external force. |
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What is AROM? Define. |
Active range of motion. Movement within unrestricted ROM produced by contraction of muscles. |
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What is AAROM? Define. |
Active assistive range of motion. Manual or mechanical assistance by outside force because the muscles need help to complete the motion. |
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What are some indications (when to use) for PROM? |
-Where there is acute, inflamed tissue -Pt. not able/supposed to actively move (coma, paralysis, bed rest) -After surgical repair of mm |
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What is primary goal for PROM? |
Decrease complications that would occur with immobilization. |
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What are specific goals for PROM? |
-Maintain joint & connective tissue mobility -Minimize effects of contractures -Maintain elesticity of mm -Assist circulation -Enhance synovial movement for cartilage nutrition and diffusion of materials -Decrease/inhibit pain |
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Other uses for PROM? |
-Determine limits of motion, jt. stability, mm flexibility, other soft tissue elesticity -Teaching active exercise program -Preparing Pt. for stretching |
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What are limitations of passive motion? |
-Does not prevent muscle atrophy -Does not increase strength or endurance -Does not assist circulation as much as active mm contraction |
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What are some indications (when to use) for AROM? |
-When Pt. able to contract mm and move w/ or w/o assistance. -When Pt. has weak mm and unable to move in desired range -Used above and below immobilized segment to maintain normal condition in those areas -Used for aerobic conditioning to relieve stress from sustained posture |
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Goals for AROM? |
Decrease complications that would occur with immobilization. |
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What are specific goals for AROM? |
-Maintain elesticity and contractility of mm -Provide sensory feedback from muscle contraction -Provide stimulus for jt. and bone tissue integrity -Develop coordination and motor skills |
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What are limitations of active motion? |
-Does not maintain or increase strength in strong mm -Does not develop skill or coordination |
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7 steps of examination, eval, and Rx planning. |
1. Examine and evaluate the Pt.'s impairments and level of function, determine precautions, prognosis, and plan the intervention 2. Determine if Pt. can do ROM activity and whether PROM, A-AROM or AROM can meet goals 3. Determine the amount of motion that can be applied safely 4. Decide what patterns can best meet goals 5. Monitor Pt.'s general condition & responses during and after the examination and intervention 6. Document and communicate findings and intervention 7. Re-evaluate and modify the intervention if needed |
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4 steps of Pt. preparation. |
1. Communicate with Pt. 2. Free the region from restrictive clothing and drape Pt. as necessary 3. Position Pt. in comfortable position with proper body alignment and stabilization 4. Position yourself for proper body mechanics |
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4 steps of application of techniques. |
1. Grasp extremity around joints to control movement 2. Support areas of poor structural integrity 3. Move segment through complete pain-free range to point of resistance 4. Perform the motions smoothly and rhythmically, with 5 to 10 repetitions |
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3 steps of application of AROM. |
1. Demonstrate the motion using PROM. Ask patient to perform motion. Have hands in position to assist or guide. 2. Provide assistance only as needed for smooth motion. 3. The motion is performed within the available ROM |
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3 steps of application of PROM. |
1. Force for movement is external; provided by therapist. 2. No active resistance or assistance is given by Pt. mm 3. Motion is carried out within the free ROM (w/o forced motion or pain) |
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Benefits of CPM. |
- Prevents Jt. stiffness by preventing development of adhesions and contractures - Providing stimulating effect on the healing of tendons and ligaments - Enhances healing of incisions over moving joint - Increases the synovial fluid lubrication thus increasing rate of intra-articular cartilage healing - Prevents degrading effects of immobilization - Provides quicker return of ROM - Decreasing post-operative pain |
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What is CPM? Define. |
Continuous passive motion. Passive motion performed by mechanical device. |
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General guidelines for CPM. (7) |
1. Maybe used immediately after surgery while Pt. under anesthesia. 2. 20-30 deg arc start. +10-15 deg daily as tol. 3. Rate of motion usually 1 cycle/45 sec or 2m. 4. Length of time varies from 24 hrs continuous to 1 hr 3x a day. 5. Physical therapy treatments usually done during periods when Pt. is not on CPM 6. Duration minimum usually less than 1 week or when good ROM is reached 7. Machine is designed to be adjustable, easily controlled, versatile, and portable |
