Theo 100 Midterm Study Guide

Front 1

major events in Jewish history

Back 1

Torah

- Patriarchs

- Exodus

- Covenant

Prophets

- Land

- Monarchy

- Temple

- Split Kingdoms

- North- destroyed

- South - Exile

- Return to land

- Rebuild temple

Writings - Second Temple Judaism

Front 2

Abraham

Moses

David

Jesus

...in chronological order

Back 2

Abraham

Moses

David

Jesus

Front 3

Abraham

Back 3

If Abraham would leave his home and his family, then God would make him a great nation and bless him. He accepted, and the Covenant was established.

the Covenant = two-way pact between God and the Jews

Abram was subjected to ten tests of faith to prove his worthiness for the covenant. Leaving his home was one, and almost sacrificing his son, Isaac, was another.

Front 4

Isaac

Back 4

son of Abraham

had sons Esau and Jacob

Jacob stole Esau's blessing/birthright

Front 5

Jacob

Back 5

stole his brother Esau's blessing/birthright

fled from his bro Esau and lived with his uncle

After many years, on his way back home to reconcile with Esau, Jacob encountered and wrestled with an unknown entity until the break of dawn.

He never received the entity's identity.

It instead gave him a blessing, and named him, Israel = "the one who wrestled with God."

The Jewish people are the "children of Israel" signifying their descent.

Front 6

12 Tribes

Back 6

(named after Jacob's sons)

Reuben

Simeon

Levi

Judah

Zebulun

Issachar

Dan

Gad

Asher

Naphtali

Joseph

Benjamin

Front 7

Joseph

Back 7

son of Jacob

Joseph's older brothers were jealous of him.

- He was their father's favorite

- Their father had visions that he would lead them all.

- They sold Joseph into slavery and convinced their father that Joseph was dead.

Joseph was brought into Egypt, where his ability to interpret visions earned him a place in the Pharaoh's court.

This paved the way for his family's later settlement in Egypt.

Front 8

Moses

Back 8

Acting at God's behest...

- unleashed the 10 plagues against Egypt

- lead the Jews out of slavery

- guided the freed Jews in the wilderness for 40 years

- carried the law down from Mt. Sinai

- prepared the Jews to enter the land of Canaan

Front 9

Samuel

Back 9

first of the major prophets of Israel

anointed Israel's first two kings, Saul and David

Front 10

Saul

Back 10

first king of Israel

committed suicide by falling on his sword to avoid capture by the Philistines at Mt. Gilboa

father of David, who succeeded his reign

Front 11

David

Back 11

son of Saul

second king of Israel

wrote Psalms

united the people of Israel

conquered land for Israel

father of Solomon, who succeeded his reign

Front 12

Solomon

Back 12

son of David

known for his

- wisdom

- wealth

- writings

built the Temple

Front 13

Cyrus

Back 13

king of Persia

conquered Babylon

allowed the Jews to return to the Land and rebuild the Temple - marking Second Temple Judaism

Front 14

Moses

David

Jesus

Augustine

...in chronological order

Back 14

Moses

David

Jesus

Augustine

Front 15

etymology of -

theology

Back 15

theo - logos

"God" - "word" / "understanding"

Front 16

3 forms ("observances") of contemporary Judaism

Back 16

1. Orthodox - most traditional

2. Reform - more contemporary

3. Conservative - middle ground

Front 17

tikkun olam

Back 17

"repair the world"

Front 18

Talmud

Back 18

Mishnah - law from God >> Moses >> his descendants

Gemara - additional commentaries over the next few centuries

Front 19

Kosher laws pertain to...

Back 19

food

Front 20

Bar / Bat Mitzvah

Back 20

"son / daughter of blessing"

Jewish ritual signifying children's (12 for girls, 13 for boys) coming of age and beginning their transition into adulthood

Front 21

Rosh Hashanah

Back 21

literally, "First of the Year"

Jewish New Year

Front 22

Yamim Noraim

Back 22

literally, "Days of Awe"

ten days between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur

aka Days of Repentence

Jews reflect and repent their sins of the previous year before Yom Kippur

Front 23

Yom Kippur

Back 23

literally, "Day of Atonement"

repenting for the sins of the previous year

commemorates the Exodus out of Egypt

Front 24

Nostra Aetate

Back 24

"in our era"

declaration on the relation of the church with non-Christian religions

Second Vatican Council

enhanced relationship between Christians and Jews

Front 25

TaNaK

Back 25

Law = Torah

Prophets = Nebiim

Writings = Ketubim

Front 26

5 books in the Torah

Back 26

1. Genesis

2. Exodus

3. Leviticus

4. Numbers

5. Deuteronomy

Front 27

Septuagint

Back 27

Greek translation of the OT

Front 28

JEDP Hypothesis

Back 28

4 perspectives of God in the Torah

J - "Jehovah"

E- "Elohim"

D - Deuteronomy

P - Priestly

Front 29

Enuma Elish

Back 29

"Babylonian myth"

Front 30

aggiornamento

Back 30

"update"

Front 31

Dei Verbum

Back 31

dogmatic constitution on divine intervention with the objective to strengthen faith of people in search of truth

Front 32

Intertestamental Period

Back 32

period of time between the NT and the OT

Front 33

Christ = Messiah = Anointed One

Back 33

Christ = Messiah = Anointed One

Front 34

Gentiles

Back 34

people of non-Jewish faith

Front 35

Messianic Secret in Mark

Back 35

secret of Jesus being the MESSIAH and of the miracles he's performed

Front 36

70 AD/CE

Back 36

Temple destroyed

Front 37

In the parable of the sower, a yield was described as moving from 30 >> 60 >> 90. Why was this different from saying 30 >> 60 >> 100 ?

Back 37

"100" indicates completion instead of continuation.

The kingdom of God is arriving, and God's work is still to be completed.

Front 38

martyr

Back 38

literally, "witness"

Front 39

oral tradition

Back 39

history told as stories from one generation to the next

maintains accuracy

meaning is never lost

Details are nonimportaint

Major events are important.

Front 40

Maimonides

Back 40

rabbi

phiosopher

Front 41

apocalypse

Back 41

"to reveal" = Revelation

Front 42

Hanukkah

Back 42

celebrates the rebuilding of the Temple

Front 43

2 uses of "anoint" in Jewish scripture

Back 43

to appoint

- as king

- as a prophet

Front 44

Asen's "heart of the Torah"

Back 44

Deuteronomy

Front 45

Yeshua ha Notzri

Back 45

"Jesus of Nazareth"

Front 46

menorah

Back 46

candle associated with Hannakah

Front 47

2 natures of Jesus

Back 47

human

divine

Front 48

homoousios

Back 48

= consubstantial = of the same sustance

Front 49

Mark's Gospel

When was it written?

For what audience?

Why was it written?

Back 49

< 70 BC

Roman Christian audience experiencing persecution

to give them hope

Front 50

St. Augustine's quote on reading the Gospels in historical context

Back 50

"We might have to use what we know about nature to interpret them."

Front 51

2 roles of prophets in the Gospels

Back 51

foretelling the future

challenge people to embrace justice

Front 52

John XXIII

Back 52

started Vatican II

Front 53

Vatican II

Back 53

a council to "update" the church (aggiornamento)

Front 54

quote by Tertullian

Back 54

"The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church."

Front 55

Midway through Mark's gospel, the disciples heal a blind man, but it took two tries. How is that connected to Jesus as Messiah?

Back 55

The disciples didn't always understand things right away. "Seeing what Jesus meant" often took a second try.

Front 56

canonical

Back 56

authenticated by the church

Front 57

Christological touchstones

Back 57

derives from history

experience of salvation

Jesus is the presence of God

Front 58

8 genres of biblical scripture

Back 58

law

history

wisdom

poetry

Gospel

Epistles

prophecy

apocalypse

Front 59

4 principles for interpretating scriptures

Back 59

author

audience

opponents

purpose

Front 60

the pharisee depicted in Acts who later became a Christian apostle

Back 60

Saul of Tarsus >> Paul the Apostle

Front 61

the argument St. Paul addressed in the church in Galatia

Back 61

whether circumcision is required for Gentiles to become Christian

Front 62

ritual that replaced circumcision

Back 62

baptism

Front 63

What point was St. Paul trying to make in the epistle to the Romans when he said the church was "a wild olive shoot."

Back 63

Cutting off the Jews would be a bad idea.

Front 64

What was St. Paul angry about in his epistle to the Galatians?

Back 64

argument over Mosaic law pertaining to Gentile Christians

Front 65

special interest groups -

Romans

Back 65

in charge politically

allowed Judaism under certain criteria

- employed their leaders (e.g. Herod)

- Pontius Pilate supervised

- taxes were paid

- keep the peace

Front 66

special interest groups -

Herodians

Back 66

King Herod stays in power, and Jews may keep their Temple

Herods friends / family

court officials

tax collectors

Front 67

special interest groups -

Priests

Back 67

run the Temple, but only if there is one, so they must live up to Herod's standards

emphasized Mosaic law

Front 68

special interest groups -

Sadduccees

Back 68

scholars of the law - stick firmly to the Torah

cooperate with the Gentiles

also unfunctional without the Temple

do not believe in resurrection

Front 69

special interest groups -

Pharisees

Back 69

scholars of the law - more open-minded

defended Jewish identity

believe in resurrection

more willing argue with Jesus over new interpretations in the Torah

Front 70

special interest groups -

Zealots

Back 70

Jewish guerrillas against the Romans

Front 71

special interest groups -

Essenes

Back 71

detest the deal with the Romans

see the Temple as defiled - start a separate community near the Dead Sea

Front 72

special interest groups -

Sinners

Back 72

largest group

poor

no time or education to study the Torah

considered "unclean"

Front 73

special interest groups -

God-fearers

Back 73

Gentiles drawn toward Judaism

balked at circumcision

interested as Jews in Jesus as Messiah