Theater History

Front 1

Athenaeus

Back 1

Historian, compiled history for the library in Alexandria Performative elements

Front 2

Joseph Campbell

Front 3

Abydos Passion PlaY

Back 3

Creation of Osiris

Front 4

Memphite Drama

Back 4

Osiran Cylcles

Front 5

Ikhernofret

Back 5

first recorded theatrical event

Front 6

Herodotus

Back 6

Greek Historian, noted the greeks similar to egypt

Front 7

Homer

Back 7

Wrote Iliad and Odyssey

Front 8

Aristotle

Back 8

384 BC) Greek philosopher. He wrote theater grew out of worship rites of Dionysus. Student of Plato, studied for 20 years. Established his own school, taught researched and wrote. The Poetics written in 350 BC servers as the basis of all theatre. In western thought.

Front 9

Polis

Back 9

city state

Front 10

Dorian

Back 10

Sparta and Corinth base

Front 11

Ionian

Back 11

Athens based

Front 12

Dionysus

Back 12

The Greek god of wine and fertility

Front 13

Theatre of Dionysus

Back 13

Theater located on the southeast slope of the Acroplis

Front 14

City Dionysia

Back 14

Festival celebrating Dionysus within the city limits (first known festival) (occurred in March)

Front 15

Rural Dionysia

Back 15

Festival celebrating Dionysus outside the city (occurred in december)

Front 16

Lenaia

Back 16

One of the Dionysias festivals (a later added January festival)

Front 17

Thespis

Back 17

Stepped forth and took the role of Dionysus. “First actor”. . Would cart around and recreate bad behavior to an audience. Thought he was teaching people how not to behave. Performed dithyrambs, called them tragedy.

Front 18

Solon

Back 18

“First Anti-theater” Thespis rival. He thought THespis taught people how to behave badly

Front 19

“goat song”

Back 19

Translated from “tragoidia” the origin of tragedy

Front 20

Dithyrambs

Back 20

hymns sung and dance in honor of Dionysus

Front 21

Arion

Back 21

Corinthian who claimed to invent drama before Thespis, first liturgical record of a dihyramb

Front 22

Tragoidoi

Back 22

Those who perform Arion’s drama’s

Front 23

Coryphaios

Front 24

Hypocrites

Back 24

What the first actors were called. Meanin “interpreter” or “answerer”

Front 25

Horace

Back 25

Roman poet

Front 26

Aeschylus

Back 26

(525 BC) Dramatist/actor responsible for adding second actor. Voila. Scenes. Worshipped the “Earth Goddess” Wrote Orestia(458 BC) : Agammenon, Libation Bearers and Eumenides (only surving Greek trilogy) Wrote with “fate” philosophy. Thought events in the play parallel his own life.

Front 27

Sophocles

Back 27

(495 BC) Dramatist introduced the third actor. Superior writer. More human, Motivated, complicated, believable characters. Oedipus the King, Antigone, Elektra. Younger than Aeschylus but often competed with him.

Front 28

Euripides

Back 28

Wrote more plays and more popular, but won less awards. Much less religious plays. Less concerned with plot more with character. Easy endings. Questionable subjects: Medea killing her children, Phaedra loving her stepson. The Bacchae, The Trojan Women. Pacifist, outcast, free thinker.

Front 29

Menander

Back 29

A playwright, wrote over 100 plays only one survive

Front 30

Prologue

Back 30

Summary of action that predicate the opening of the play

Front 31

Parodos

Back 31

The entrance of the chorus

Hint 31

THe go through the "Pair o' doors"

Front 32

Stasima

Back 32

The main action, a series of songs and dances

Front 33

Exodus

Back 33

The concluding scene

Front 34

satyr plays

Back 34

Farce plays with chorus made up of half beast half human companions of Dionysus

Front 35

Silenus

Back 35

The leader of the chorus

Front 36

phallic rites

Back 36

Rituals around a phallus

Front 37

Epicharmus

Back 37

Comedy writer thought by Aristotle to invent comedy

Front 38

Aristophanes

Back 38

Comedy writer Lysistrata, Frogs, Birds

Front 39

Old Comedy

Back 39

Comedies written during pelloponessian war. Included fantasy, sex wealth , obscenities. Things that couldn’t occur in everyday life.

Front 40

“happy idea”

Back 40

The ruling theme of an Aristophanic comedy

Front 41

Parabasis

Back 41

choral ode that the audience is directly addressed, dividing the play in two parts

Front 42

Komos

Back 42

the final scene in a comedy.

Hint 42

Coma's are funny

Front 43

Archon eponymous

Back 43

The principal magistrate of athens

Front 44

Choregoi

Back 44

¬“The Producer” the benefactor chosen by the Archon to train and costume the chorus. And provided the majority of the funds to support the production

Front 45

Plato

Back 45

Philosopher very against theater

Front 46

Didaskalos

Back 46

The head actor/author who oversaw (directed ) each production

Front 47

Chiton

Back 47

The main actors clothes, a highly decorated tunic

Front 48

Chlamys

Back 48

Part of the chorus’ costume, the short cloak

Front 49

Himation

Back 49

the long cloak, in

Front 50

Cothornus

Back 50

a thick soled boot that reached the calf. Platforms

Front 51

Comic costumes

Back 51

exaggerated and men wore phalus’

Front 52

Theatre at Thorikos

Back 52

Oblong theater dating before Dionysus

Front 53

Orchestra

Back 53

“the dancing place” The main circular playing space. 66ft in Diameter

Front 54

Thymele

Back 54

Altar in the orchestra

Front 55

Skene

Back 55

the scene building behind the orchestra. Originally used as a dressing room. Later used within the action of the play.

Front 56

Pinakes

Back 56

Painted panels “flats” that could have been used to change scenes from play to play

Front 57

Periaktoi

Back 57

Triangular structure that turns displaying three different scenes

Front 58

Ekkyklema

Back 58

AWAGON, a device to reveal a tableau. Usually a platform in the main doorway of the skene.

Front 59

Mechane (Machina)

Back 59

A crane used to show characters flying or suspended

Front 60

deus ex machine

Back 60

The machine of the gods. A theatrical device that fixes everything. Contrived ending.

Front 61

Parodoi

Back 61

Entrance to the auditorium used by the audience in between the Skene and the orchestra

Front 62

Logeion

Back 62

The later adopted Greek word for theater

Front 63

Odeion

Back 63

“ roofed theater” later added to the theatre to house musical events and public meetings. Created a “back wall” behind the skene.

Front 64

Theatron

Back 64

seeing place

Front 65

Middle Comedy

Back 65

404 BCE-336 Peloponnesian war – Alexander the great. No chorus

Front 66

New Comedy

Back 66

Hellinstic Comedies

Front 67

Menander

Back 67

A playwright, wrote over 100 plays only one survive

Front 68

Thyromata

Back 68

small opening onstage, mini proscenium. Wear the scene elements are set

Front 69

Poetics

Back 69

Aristotle’s work

Front 70

Paraskenia

Back 70

The scenic wall

Front 71

Proskenion

Back 71

proscenium raise section on the skene

Front 72

Episkenion

Back 72

Second story Facade

Front 73

Onkos

Back 73

Headress

Front 74

“mime”

Front 75

Phlyakes

Back 75

actors of mimes