The Skeleton: Bones & Joints

Front 1

How many named bones are in the human body?

Back 1

206

Front 2

What bones form the axial skeleton?

Back 2

Cranial & facial skull bones, vertebral column, ribs, sternum and hyoid.

Front 3

What bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

Back 3

Bones in the arms (scapula, clavicle, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, & phalanges) and in the legs (pelvis, femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, & phalanges)

Front 4

What are examples of flat bones?

Back 4

Cranial bones, & ribs

Front 5

What are examples of short bones?

Back 5

carpals, tarsals

Front 6

What are examples of irregular bones?

Back 6

vertebrae and facial bones

Front 7

What are examples of long bones?

Back 7

Most of the bones in the arms & legs

Front 8

What is the one sesamoid bone everyone has?

Back 8

patella

Front 9

Where do u find wormian bones?

Back 9

In the sutures of the skull

Front 10

What holds the skull bones together since they are not movable joints?

Back 10

Sutures

Front 11

What is Wolff's Law?

Back 11

That none will remodel according to the stresses that are placed on it, therefore you need stress going through a bone to keep it healthy and prevents resorption

Front 12

When is a bone spur created?

Back 12

when unwanted stress is put on the bone

Front 13

What is the head of a bone?

Back 13

rounded, knob-like end separated by a neck

ex: femur where is joins the hip at the femoral acetabular joint, or where the humerus joins at the glenoid fossa

Front 14

What is the process of a bone?

Back 14

Large projection of a bone

ex: the acromiom process of the scapula

Front 15

What is the condyle of a bone?

Back 15

smooth, rounded articular projection

ex: femur where it joins the tibia & fibula

Front 16

epicondyle

Back 16

Raised area on or above a condyle

Front 17

Facet

Back 17

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface

ex: between vertebrae

Front 18

Crest

Back 18

distinct border or ridge, often rough

ex: iliac crest

Front 19

Spine

Back 19

Sharp projection from the surface of a bone

usually straight across the bone

ex: spine of the scapula

Front 20

Tuberosity

Back 20

Large, rounded projection; not a joint

Ex: large area on a bone

Front 21

Tubercle

Back 21

small, rounded projection of a tuberocity

Front 22

What are the 3 parts of the axial skeleton

Back 22

Skull - bones of cranium, face and auditory ossicles

Vertebral column

Bony thorax - ribs & sternum

Front 23

Cranial bones

Back 23

1 Frontal bone

2 Parietal bones

2 Temporal bones

1 Ethmoid bone

1 Sphenoid bone

1 Occipital bone

Front 24

Facial bones

Back 24

1 Mandible

2 Maxillae

2 Zygomatic bones

2 Nasal bones

2 Lacrimal bones

1 Vomer

2 Palatine bones

2 Inferior Nasal Conchae

Front 25

Which skull bones make up the nasal septum?

Back 25

Ethmoid bone + Vomer

Front 26

Which skull bones make up the hard palate?

Back 26

Maxillae + Palatine bones

Front 27

Which skull bones make up the Zygomatic Arch?

Back 27

Maxillae + Zygomatic Bone + Temporal Bone

Front 28

What are other skull bones besides facial and cranial bones?

Back 28

6 auditory ossicles that are located in the temporal bone & hyoid bone located just below the mandible.

Front 29

Which cranial bones have paranasal sinuses?

Back 29

Frontal, ethmoid & sphenoid bones

Front 30

Which facial bones have paranasal sinuses?

Back 30

maxillae

Front 31

What is the function of sinuses?

Back 31

lighten skull and give resonance to voice

Front 32

What are the sutures in the skull and which bones to they unite?

Back 32

Coronal - frontal & parietal

Squamous - temporal & parietal

Lamboid - occipital & parietal

Sagittal - parietal & parietal

Front 33

What are fontanels?

Back 33

Areas in which bone formation is incomplete in an infant's skull

Front 34

How many vertebrae are in the adult spine?

Back 34

24 typical vertebrae and 33 total

Front 35

How many joints are in the vertebrae?

Back 35

1 disk joint anteriorly

2 facet joints posteriorly

Front 36

Which vertebrae have bifid spinous processes, transverse foramina and a triangular shaped vertebral foramina?

Back 36

Cervical

Front 37

Which cervical vertebrae has no central body, but has 2 lateral masses called occipital condyles that articulate with the occipital bone and a posterior tubercle instead of a spinous process?

Back 37

C1 the atlas

Front 38

Which cervical vertebrae allows the head to pivot from side to side and has an upright toothlike portion called the dens at the top of the vertebral body?

Back 38

C2 the axis

Front 39

which vertebrae have 12 vertebrae, circular shaped vertebral foramina, have facets and transverse processes for the ribs

Back 39

Thoracic vertebrae

Front 40

Costovertebral facet

Back 40

articulation of rib with vertebrae

Front 41

Costotransverse facet

Back 41

articulation of rib with transverse process

Front 42

Lumbar vertebrae

Back 42

5 vertebrae numbered 1-5, have large heavy vertebral bodies that are kidney shaped, have short stubby spinous processes, and triangular shaped vertebral foramina

Front 43

Sacrum

Back 43

5 separate vertebrae in child, fuse in adults to form a single bone, has tubercles numbered 1-5 where vertebrae are fused

Front 44

Coccygeal vertebrae

Back 44

4 tiny bones in the child, fuse into 1 bone in adults known as coccyx or the tailbone

Front 45

Kyphosis

Back 45

Curve of the spine in fetus, and in thoracic & sacral in adults. Concave anteriorly

Front 46

Lordosis

Back 46

Developmental not born with spinal curve of the cervical and lumbar spines. Appears in cervical when baby begins to hold head up around 3 months, and in lumbar later on as child learns to walk.

Front 47

Thorax

Back 47

Come shaped cage of the 12 ribs and the sternum

Front 48

Parts of the Sternum

Back 48

Manubrium

body

xiphoid process

Front 49

How many bones make up the carpals, and their names?

Back 49

8

scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

Front 50

3 bones of pelvis

Back 50

Ilium, ishcium, pubis

Front 51

Acetabulum

Back 51

Deep socket that holds the head of the femur. Portions of all 3 bones contribute

Front 52

Obturator foramen

Back 52

found on either side of pubic symphysis, largest foramina in the body

Front 53

Tarsal bones

Back 53

7 bones - calcaneus, talus, navicular,cuboid, & 3 cuneiforms.

Front 54

3 Arches of the foot

Back 54

2 longitudinal - medial and lateral longitudinal arches

1 transverse arch

Front 55

Synarthoses Joints

Back 55

fibrous connective tissue, immovable joint

ex: sutures in skull & ribs 1-7

Front 56

Amphiarthrosis joints

Back 56

bones are connected by cartilage, and are slightly movable

ex: pubic symphysis, intervertebral joints, ribs 8, 9 & 10

Front 57

Diarthroses

Back 57

Synovial joints - Have potential space between them called joint cavity which is lubricated by synovial fluid, most joints are synovial joints