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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Osteo
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Bone
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Osteoblasts
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cells that produce bone
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osteocytes
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osteoblasts that become surrounded by bone and have changed
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Name 4 main functions of Bones
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-Support the body
-Protect organs and tissues -Store minerals, part. calcium -Blood cell formation |
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Cancellous Bone
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aka spongy bone, spicules (spaces) contain bone marrow
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What are the 2 main types of bones
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-Cancellous (light/spongy)
-Compact Bone (dense) |
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Compact bone
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-1 of the 2 main types of bone in the body
-heavy, dense, strong -contains haversion systems -covered by periosteum |
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Haversian System
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found in compact bone, runs lengthwise in the bone and contains blood and lymph vessels that supply the osteocytes
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Pariosteum
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protective membrane that covers compact bones-has an outer and inner layer-outer contains fibrous tissue-inner contains osteoblasts
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Endosteum
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membrane that lines the hollow interior surfaces on bones
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What are 3 types of cells that make up bones?
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osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
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osteoclast
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they eat away bone-removes bone from where it is not needed
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Volkmans Canals
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tiny channels in the bone matrix-the blood vessels in the canals bring nutrition to the osteocytes in the haversion system
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What are the two mechanisms that can create bone?
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endochondral bone formation and intramembranous bone formation
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Endochondral Bone formation
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most bones are formed this way-the body first creates a template of cartilidge which is replaced by bone
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Intramembranous Bone Formation
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Occurs in certain skull bones-creates the flat bones of the cranium
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epiphyseal or growth plates
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btwn the diaphysis (shaft) and the epiphyses (ends) of the bone-Site where new bone can lengthens bone for growth
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Epiphysis
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End of the bone
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Diaphysis
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shaft of the bone
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What are the 4 bone shapes
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Long, short, flat, irregular
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Characteristics of long bones
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mostly in limbs, consist mostly of cancellous bone covered by thin layer of compact bone, has epiphysis and diaphyses (distal and proximal)
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epiphyseal fractures
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fracture in the epiphyseal plate that occurs to young bones before they are fully developed and ossified to solid bone.
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Characteristics of short bones
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shaped like small cubes, have spongy bone covered by compact bone
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