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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Year Etruscan Kings expelled from Rome: |
509 BC
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What happened in Athens at the same time?
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in legend, the expulsion of King Hippias from Athens |
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Size of Etruscan empire:
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alps to Campania
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Etruscan enemies and allies in south:
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Enemies: Greeks, Allies: Carthage
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What greek city defeated Carthaginians in 494 BC?
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Cumae
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From when did the Romans defect from the Etruscans?
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middle of 5th century BC
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How can Roman history be described?
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as Legend
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3 of Rome's enemies from the time:
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Sabines, Tarquiniae, Veji
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What region did Rome dominate throughout the Latin League?
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Latium
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By when was Rome dominant power in central Italy?
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middle of 4th century BC
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Who held the real power after defeat of monarchy? |
patricians
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Term of office of Roman magistrates, gap for re-election:
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1 year office, 10 year gap |
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Who was the backbone of the state and burdened by the wars of the new republic?
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small farmers
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Characteristics of citizen peasant farmers:
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conservative, religious, without organization or leadership
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non-senatorial or non-patrician class:
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plebeians
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What did the plebeians demand:
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equal or more rights & power
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where did plebeians go in protest in 494 BC?
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Mons Sacer |
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Patrician who promised them reforms:
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Menenius Agrippa
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2 things plebeians established while on first strike: |
tribunes of the plebs, the Concilium Plebis
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what did plebeians get patricians to agree to after second withdrawal from rome (474 BC)? |
recognition of their institutions, codification & publication of their laws in the 12 Tables (basis of Roman Law). |
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when did they obtain this?
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450 BC
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what did plebeians obtain after 3rd walkout strike (449 BC)?
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definition of the rights of the tribunes & Concilium Plebis
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How did they ensure a share in the leadership of the sates (367 BC)?
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made a law that at least one consul had to be a plebeian
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what did "Lex Hortensia" establish for plebeians in what year?
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Complete equality of plebeians, in 287 BC
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Upon what was old nobility of patricians based?
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heredity
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what was new nobility based on?
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magistracies held
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what did these families control and try to keep to themselves?
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tried to control senate, keep magistracies to themselves
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what two plebeian features became part of the establishment and were effective in controlling other parts of gov't?
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Concilium Plebis, Plebeian Officials (tribunes)
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what features of roman republic were designed to control arbitrary power of any one person?
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minorities could block action, making compromise essential
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General name for publicly elected officials having executive power:
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Magistracies
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term of office of Magistracies
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1 year
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two officials without imperium:
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quaestor: financial agents, aediles:in charge of public works and the games
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technical word for full executive authority:
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Imperium: administration of law courts, religion, head of state, commander-in-chief of army, chairman of senate and comitia
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Two officials with imperium:
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praetor, consul
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official with imperium with lower executive authority:
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praetor: administrator of courts of law. |
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Foundation of Rome
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753 BC
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Censor Term of office, gap in between elections:
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6 month term, 5 year gap.
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Censor functions:
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take the census, assess property, assign citizens to the proper class, record new senators, had the right to remove senators from office.
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When is dictator elected, term length:
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in times of emergency, 6 months max.
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how was the dictator chosen?
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on advice of the senate.
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Cursus Honorum
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quaestorship, praetorship, consulship.
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how many senators, term of office:
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approx 300, appointed for life.
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How did they become a senator:
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by holding the quaestorship
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Senator function
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they basically controlled the state, advised the consuls and tribunes.
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Comitia were made up of whom?
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all male citizens for political purposes.
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Comitia Curiata created by who?
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monarch, no significant power in republic
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Comitia Curiata function:
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confer the imperium on magistrates, witness wills, adoptions, etc (ceremonial).
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what was Comitia Centuriata?
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a military assembly based on military contribution or value (more you could help, more value your vote was)
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functions of Comitia Centuriata:
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elect magistrates with imperium, make declarations of war and peace, a court of appeal, pass laws.
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Comitia Tributa function:
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handled routine consular legislation, elected magistrates without imperium.
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How the comitia worked:
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chaired by consul, only he could call it into order and put matters for consideration. people could only accept or reject his proposal.
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What was special about the concilium plebis?
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excluded patricians.
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What was a motion passed by the concilium plebis called?
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plebiscitum, had the force of law.
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functions of the concilium plebis
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call meetings of the comitia, elect tribunes and plebeian aediles
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Tribunes of the plebs elected how often?
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annually, by concilium plebis
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functions of tribunes of the plebs:
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preside over concilium plebis, attend meetings of the senate, call senate meetings to discuss tribunician legislation, punish anyone who disregarded rights of the tribune, impose a veto on the actions of any magistrate |
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what could tribunes not do to a veto?
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veto it again. |
