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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The nervous system is divided into two parts.
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1. Central nervous system
2. Peripheral nervous system |
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The central nervous system includes:
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1. Brain
2. Spinal cord |
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Where is the central nervous system located?
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The dorsal cavity
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The brain is located in the...
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Cranial cavity
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The spinal cord is enclosed in...
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The spinal cavity
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What are the functions of the nervous system?
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1. Sensory function
2. Integrative function 3. Motor function |
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The peripheral nervous system is located...
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Outside the central nervous system
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The peripheral nervous system consists of...
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The nerves that connect the CNS with the rest of the body
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These nerves gather information from inside the body and from the outside environment.
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Sensory function
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During this function the the sensory information brought to the CNS is interpreted
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Integrative function
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In this function these nerves convey from the CNS toward the muscles and glands of the body...
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Motor function
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What is the most abundant of the nerves cells?
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Neurolglia
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Nerve glue
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Neuroglia
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Functions of neuroglia..
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1. Support
2. Protect 3. Insulate 4. Nurish 5. Generally care for neurons |
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These are important I'm the transmission of electrical signals.
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Neurons
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These have a long shape which them delicate...
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Neurons
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What does the communicating for the nervous system/conduct nerve impulses?
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Neurons
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These form the blood-brain barrier...
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Astrocytes
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These help form cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)...
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Ependymal cells
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Phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue is...
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Microglia
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These produce myelin sheath for neurons in the peripheral nervous system...
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Schwann cells
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These produce them myelin sheaths in the central nervous system...
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Oligodendrocytes
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Dendrites (multiple)...
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Receives signals and transmits them to the cell body.
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Crazy hair
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Cell body (1)
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The brain of the neuron
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This contains the nucleus and is essential for cell life
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Cell body
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Axon...
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Transmits signals away from the cell body
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What is stripped in the axon terminals?
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Chemical neurotransmitters
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What surrounds, insulates, and protects the axon?
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The myelin sheath
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The special cells that surround the axon of a neuron in the peripheral system are called...
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Schwann cells
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Neurilemma
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Is the neuclei and cytoplasm of the schwann cells that lie outside the myelin sheath
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These do not replicate...
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Neurons
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What forms the myelin sheath in the CNS?
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Oligodendrocytes
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What is important for regeneration of as severed nerve and is only found in the the peripheral nervous system?
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Neurilemma
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The areas of the axon that are not covered by the myelin sheath are called...
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Nodes of ranveir
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Axon terminals store what?
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Chemical neurotransmitters (Ach)
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What Carries the information from the periphery toward The CNS
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Sensory organs
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These are found only I'm the CNS and connect sensory and motor nerves...
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Interneurons
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What Carries information from CNS toward the periphery?
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Motor neurons
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What is a nerve impulse?
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Electrical signals that convey information along a neuron.
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Nerve impulse is also called...
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Action potential
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Polarization
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Resting state, but ready
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Horny
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Depolarization
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Simulated state
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Gettin that deeeockkk
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Refractory period
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Cannot be stimulated
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Can't get more cuz he can't get it up
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Repolarization
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Returned to resting/ready state
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He's able to go again
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What forms at the axon's bringing, then travels along the axons length by depolarizing the adjacent membrane, moving towards the axon terminal. This then enters the axon terminal, causing the axon terminal to release neurotransmitters from the vesicles
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Action potential/nerve impulse
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This insulates the axon and increases the speed of the nerve impulse
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Myelin sheath
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Nodes of ranvier
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Parts of the axonal membrane exposed by the myelin
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Saltatory conduction
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Increasing the action potentials speed
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The junction where nerve impulses pass from one neuron to the next
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Synapse
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The chemicals that transmit the message across the synapse
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Neurotransmitters
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NE- fight or flight response
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Norepinephrine
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Receives the neurotransmitters
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Receptor sites
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These stop the activity of the neurotransmitters when they have completed their task
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Inactivators
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What are the for main areas of the brain?
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1. Cerebrum
2. Diencephalon 3. Brain stem 4. Cerebellum |
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4 loves of the cerebrum
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1. Frontal
2. Parietal 3. Temporal 4. Occipital |
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What is the primary source of energy for the brain?
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Glucose
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The lobe is responsible for Behavioral, personality, and voluntary motor control; also known as "the executive"
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The frontal lobe
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Motor activity in the frontal lobe
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1. Frontal eye field
2. Motor speech |
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Frontal lobe: primary speech area
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Controls voluntary muscle movement
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Frontal eye frills controls...
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The voluntary movement of the eyes and eyelids
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Motor speech area controls...
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Movements of the mouth and tongue necessary for the formation of words (broca's area)
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Thus lobe deals with the sensory area which receives information from the skin and muscles to allow for sensation (temperature, pain, pressure, etc.)
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The parietal lobe
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The parietal lobe deals with:
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1. Reading
2. Speech 3. Taste |
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Gustatory area
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Taste
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This lobe deals with the primary auditory cortex-hearing, gustatory-taste, and olfactory area- smell
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Temporal lobe
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This is located in the parietal and temporal is concerned with translation of words into thought and vice-versa
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Wernicke's area
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Damage to this area is common with alcoholism.
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Those lobe deals with the primary visual cortex- sight
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Occipital lobe
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Where is the diencephalon located?
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Beneath the cerebellum and above the brain stem
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The diencephalon includes
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1. Thalamus
2. Hypothalamus |
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This relays information to the correct areas of the cerebrum- "the receptionist"
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Thalamus
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This is located above the pituitary gland and controls its functions, also acts as a thermostat, regulates the autonomic functions (HR, BP, ETC).
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The hypothalamus
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The brain stem includes:
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1. Mountain
2. Medulla oblongata 3. Pons |
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The midbrain is the reflex center for the..
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1. Vision (eyes)
2. Hearing (ears) |
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This plays a role in regulating breathing (rate and rhythm)...
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Pons
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This deals with the vitals center and the Emetic center
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Medulla oblongata
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Functions of the cerebellum.
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1. Mediates the reflexes
2. Coordinates voluntary motor activity 3. Evaluates sensory input |
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Limbic system is concerned with the
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Emotional brain
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Reticular formation is concerned with the..
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Sleep-wake cycle; maintaining consciousness
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The memory areas include:
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1. Immediate memory
2. Short-term memory 3. Long-term memory |
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The meninges has three layers:
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1. Pia mater
2. Arachnoid mater 3. Dura mater |
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The inner soft layer of the meninges with many blood vessels is the
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Pia mater
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Middle spiderweb-like layer of the meninges
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Arachnoid mater
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The subarachnoid space contains
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
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The hard outer layer; subdural space
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Dura mater
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This is made up of special cells (astrocytes) within the cerebral capillaries and prevents some toxins from entering the CNS from the blood
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The blood-brain barrier.
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This is shaped like a butterfly
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Grey mater
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Three spinal cord injuries are...
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1. Broken neck
2. Paraplegic 3. Quadriplegic |
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Stroking of the lateral side of the foot from heel to toe, the toes curl with slight inversion of the foot
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Babinski reflex
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