Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
fief
|
each plot of land
|
|
|
knight
|
fought on horseback
|
|
|
feudalism
|
a system that governed the relationship of lords and vassals
|
|
|
gave a public Oath of Fealty to the lord.
-called to fight for the lord -Would give money on occasion, food and shelter when lord visited **could gain enough land to become the lord of their own vassals **often accepted land from many lords |
duties of a vassal
|
|
|
send help to vassal if under attack.
vassal could break ties if they cheated or punished |
duties of a lord
|
|
|
manorialism
|
-large estate owned by a lord or knight
-peasants farmed the land -economic system |
|
|
key elements of a medieval town
|
Religion
Commerce Urban government emerged in balance |
|
|
bourgeoisie
|
new urban class
|
|
|
merchants
|
traders
|
|
|
artisans
|
craftsmen
|
|
|
guilds
|
group of people that had collective protection against tolls. gave taxes to the lord collectively
provided: Social interaction, group drinking, charity, religious observances, economic functions (control of prices, quality of product) |
|
|
-master's wife and daughters learned to trade
-widows carried business of husband |
women in cities
|
|
|
edward dies. edward told william duke of normand that he can take over. harold III of norway also wants to be king. william has a larger army- william wins
|
battle of hastings
|
|
|
preserved anglo-saxon laws and customs. brought about knights
|
william the conquerer
|
|
|
-henry I had 1 legitimate child (matilda - empress)
-matilda and geoffrey have henry II -henry II ends up becoming king of england after fighting 19 years of fighting king stephen, the nephew of henry I |
stephan's anarchy
|
|
|
Duke of Normandy and Count of Anjou
Married eleanor of aquitaine |
Henry II
|
|
|
annulled her married to Lous VII of France and married Henry II
|
eleanor of aquitaine
|
|
|
son of henry II
famous crusader died young in battle in France |
richard I the Lionheart
|
|
|
overall mistrusted
overtaxed vassals forced to sign magna carta in 1215 |
John I
|
|
|
magna carta
|
keeps the king's powers in check
|
|
|
Church reform movements
Increase in popular piety Strong papacy |
key factors of the medieval church
|
|
|
st. bernard of clairvaux
|
great orator and writer
crucial figure in political mediation preached second crusade believed a saint in his own time |
|
|
Secular ruler (king, duke, etc.) deciding and ‘investing’ a clerical office (abbot, bishop)
|
lay investiture
|
|
|
pope gregory VII
|
extremely radical
- anti-secular power -excommunicated and deposed Henry IV which caused rebellion in Germany |
|
|
frederick II
|
inherits empire from father henry II when he is two
|
|
|
innocent III
|
most powerful pope. encouraged philip of france to go to war with john of england. england lost and had john declare that innocent III was his overlord and made john pay him
- called crusade against spanish muslims |
|
|
thomas becket
|
-named archbishop of canterbury by henry
-killed at canterbury cathedral -declared a saint |
|
|
umayyad caliphate
|
conquered spain
|
|
|
Al Andalus
|
how spain was known to arabs
|
|
|
cordoba
|
the intellectual center of al Andalus
|
|
|
christian expansion in spain
|
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa:
Castilian Christian army defeats Muslims |
|
|
Louis IX "the Pious"
|
-Led a Crusade: failed
-“Christian monarchy”: famous in time as a peace maker -Became venerated as a saint -Died on his second crusade |
|
|
Blanche of Castile
|
-ruled for son Louis IX
-Spanish: granddaughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry II -considered to have ruled like a man |
|
|
courtly love
|
superficial lust
idealization of women |
|
|
lyric
|
short poem
|
|
|
troubadour
|
a lyric poet
|
|
|
fabliaux
|
parody of romance
|
|
|
peter waldez
|
-Gave up wealth
-Permission to preach denied -Preached anyway -Anti-clerical; created Vernacular version of Gospel Condemned as heretics |
|
|
heretic
|
a person believing in or practicing religious heresy
|
|
|
heresy
|
belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious (especially Christian) doctrine
|
|
|
cathars
|
most popular prosecuted heresy
|
|
|
the dominicans/ st. dominic
|
aim was to fight heresy. St dominic wanted to convert heretics though preaching and reason
|
|
|
franciscans/ st. francis
|
took vows of poverty- preached and begged in towns
|
|
|
university
|
-vague term meaning a group of people associated for ANY purpose
-at time, used to refer to guilds |
|
|
Studium generale
|
the specific term used to denote a guild or “university” of scholars and students
|
|
|
curriculum
|
Astronomy
Geometry Arithmetic Music Grammar Rhetoric Logic higher disciplines: Law Medicine Theology (philosophy) |
|
|
bubonic plague
|
carried by black rats and spread by fleas on the rats
|
|
|
pneumonic plague
|
results when a person with a respiratory infection contracts the bubonic plague
|
|
|
Septicemic form
|
spread when an open sore or cut on a person comes into contact with the body fluids of an infected person
|
|
|
philip augustus
|
son of Louis VII
|
