The Endocrine System - Chapter 19 - Human Anatomy - Incomplete

Front 1

Which two hormones are called Gonadotropins

Back 1

FSH and LH

Front 2

Which is the only endocrine gland that stores its hormone product extracellularly?

Back 2

Thyroid gland

Front 3

What are corticosteriods?

Back 3

Two dozen different steroid hormones produced by suprarenal cortex.

Front 4

Catecholamines

Back 4

Epinephrine and norepinephrine hormones secrete by suprarenal medulla

Front 5

Two symptoms of diabetes mellitus

Back 5

Glucose in urine and excessive urine production (polyuria)

Front 6

Growth Hormone (GH; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 6

Underproduction: pituitary growth failure (children); retarded growth, abnormal fat distribution, low blood glucose hours after meal.

Overproduction: Giantism (children), acromeglay (adults); Excessive growth in stature of a child or in face and hands in an adult

Front 7

Antidiuretic hormone ( ADH; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 7

Underproduction: Diabetes insipidus; polyuria

Overproduction: SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion); increased body water content and hypnonatremia (low sodium ion concentration)

Front 8

Thyroxine (T3, T4; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 8

Underproduction: Myxedema, cretinism; Low metabolic rate, body temperature, impaired physical and mental development

Overproduction: Grave's disease; high metabolic rate, high body temperature, tachycardia (high heart rate), weight loss

Front 9

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 9

Underproduction: Hypoparathyroidism; muscular weakness, neurological problems, tetany (involuntary muscular contractions) due to low blood calcium concentrations

Overproduction: Neurological, mental, muscular problems due to high blood calcium concentration; weak and brittle bones

Front 10

Insulin (underproduction and overproduction)

Back 10

Underproduction: Diabetes mellitus; high blood glucose, impaired glucose utilization, dependence on lipids for energy, glucosuria, ketosis

Overproduction: Excess insulin production or administration; low blood glucose levels, possibly causing coma

Front 11

Mineralcorticoids (MC; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 11

Underproduction: hypoaldosteronism; polyuria, low blood volume, high blood potassium concentrations

Overproduction: aldosteronism; increased body weight due to water retention, low blood potassium concentrations.

Front 12

Glucocorticoids (GC; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 12

Underproduction: Addison's disease; inability to tolerate stress, mobilize energy reserves, maintain normal blood glucose concentrations

Overproduction: Cushing's disease; excessive breakdown of tissue proteins and lipid reserves, impaired glucose metabolism

Front 13

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine (E and NE; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 13

Underproduction: none identified

Overproduction: pheochromocytoma; high metabolic rate, body temperature, and heart rate, elevated blood glucose level, other symptoms comparable to those of excessive autonomic stimulation

Front 14

Estrogens (female; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 14

Underproduction: hypogonadism; sterility, lack of secondary sexual characteristics;
menopause; cessation of ovulation

Overproduction: Androgenital syndrome; overproduction of androgens by suprarenal cortex leads to masculinization;

Precocious puberty; early production of developing follicles and estrogen secretion

Front 15

Androgens (male; underproduction and overproduction)

Back 15

Underproduction: Hypogonadism, einuchoidism; sterility, lack of secondary sexual characteristics

Overproduction: gynecomastia; abnormal production of estrogens, sometimes due to suprarenal or intestinal cell tumors, leads to breast enlargement

Precocious puberty; early production of androgens, leading to premature physical development and behavioral changes