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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are hormones? |
MEDIATOR MOLECULES released by the glands of the endocrine system |
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How many layers does the plasma membrane have? |
2 phospholipid layers (phospholipid bilayer) |
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What do endocrine glands do? |
Produce hormones to be released into the circulatory system where they act on target tissues to produce a response "ductless glands" |
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What do exocrine glands? |
SECRETE products into ducts eg. sweat, subaceous, mucous & digestive glands |
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How does the endocrine system exert control over body functions? |
Releasing hormones into the blood |
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Name 3 endocrine organs |
Testes Ovaries Adrenal Cortex |
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What are the 2 classifications of hormones? |
Steroid hormones Nonsteroid hormones
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State some features of steroid hormones? |
Lipid soluble Diffuse through cell membrane |
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State some features of Nonsteroid hormones |
Need specific receptors outside the cell which triggers an enzyme reaction, Leads to formation of 2nd messenger which activates cell enzymes, change in cell permeability, promote protein synthesis, change in cell metabolism |
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What is significant about the shape of the cell membrane? |
It matches the shape of the chemical signal/hormone (lock and key) |
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Where is the pituitary gland situated? |
At the base of the brain (pictureeee)
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What is the pituitary gland controlled by? |
The Hypothalamus |
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Where are the specific receptors for nonsteroid hormones located? |
Cell membrane |
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Where are the specific receptors for steroid hormones located? |
Cell cytoplasm/nucleus |
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Where is the thyroid gland located? |
Along the midline of the neck |
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What does the thyroid gland secrete? |
2 non-steroid hormones -Triodothyronine (T3) & Thyroxine (T4) (iodine is needed to make hormones) |
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What does the thyroid gland do? |
Regulates metabolism by: increasing protein synthesis promoting glycolysis, gluconeogenesis & glucose uptake calcitonin: calcium metabolism |
