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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Constitutional Convention
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Founding Fathers
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55 delegates to Constitutional Convention, white, rich, well-educated men
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George Washington
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Presided over Constitutional Convention, unanimously elected President in 1st election, reelected 2nd election, refused to run for 3rd term. Tried to remain neutral between Federalists and Republicans, but sympathized more with Federalists because Alexander Hamilton was like a son to him.
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Benjamin Franklin
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Federalist (supporter of Constitution)
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James Madison
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Federalist (supporter of Constitution), came up with Virginia Plan, key in drafting Constitution, came up with popular sovereignty, federalism (checks and balances)
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John Adams
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Federalist (as opposed to Republican), vice president of Washington, 3rd president, but only by 3 votes, lost 4th election
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Thomas Jefferson
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4th president, Republican, lost to Adams in 3rd election
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Alexander Hamilton
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leading Federalist (as opposed to Republican), came up with Funded Debt proposal, assumption of state debt, wanted national bank
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Virginia Plan
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Madison's plan for a new government: 3 branches, completely different from Articles of Confederation
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New Jersey Plan
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William Paterson's plan, almost exactly the same as Articles of Confederation, except Congress can tax, rejected, but it prompted certain changes in Virginia Plan for smaller states.
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The Great Compromise
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2 house legislature, one represented popularly, one equally.
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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Southern states wanted slaves to count for representation, but not taxation, and Northern states wanted the opposite. Compromise was that slaves counted 3/5 for both.
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Popular Sovereignty
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Power comes from people, so neither the national nor state government is the most powerful. National laws are laws of the land, but in the end, power comes only from the people
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Federal System
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Division of powers between national and state government
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Checks and Balances
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Different groups with different powers make sure that no one group has too much power and becomes corrupt.
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Ratification Debate
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Federalists vs. Antifederalists, Federalists are pro-constitution, Antifederalists are anti-constitution because they were afraid the government had too much power
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Bill of Rights
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Antifederalists wanted a statement of rights of citizens, but Federalists, specifically Madison, said that if having to specify rights would limit them. In the end, one of the compromises was a bill of rights, the 1st 10 Amendments to the Constitution.
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Funded Debt
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Hamilton's proposal for debt: replace certificates of indebtedness with interest-bearing bonds so that wealthy have a stake in goverment. Republicans against it because wealthy speculators had bought the certificates from the purchasers during hard economic times, and this would reward the speculator who had bought the certificates for a fraction of the price.
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National Bank
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Hamilton's proposal for a national central bank, Republicans against it because it was not in the Constitution
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"Report of Manufacturers"
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Plan for stimulating industry, a key part of Federalists' vision for America
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