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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter is... |
something that has a mass and occupies space |
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Elements are... |
simple and cannot be broken down |
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26 Elements in the Human Body |
11 major 4 important (C,H,O,N) 15 trace (make up <2%) |
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Compounds |
atoms of 2 or more elements joined to form chemical combinations |
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Isotopes |
same number of protons same atomic number same basic chemical properties different number of neutrons different mass number |
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Radioactive Isotopes |
unstable undergo breakdown emit particles |
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Types of Radiation |
alpha beta gamma |
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Ionic Bond |
transfer of electrons when dissolved in water, they become ions |
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Covalent Bond |
sharing of electrons
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Hydrogen Bond |
unequal charge distribution much weaker (takes less energy to break) result in strong attractive forces (partially + and partially -)
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Chemical Reactions |
forming and breaking of chemical bonds |
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3 Main Types of Chemical Reactions |
1.) synthesis 2.) decomposition 3.) exchange |
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Synthesis Reactions |
combining 2 or more substances formation of new bonds energy is required
ie. proteins from amino acids
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Decomposition Reactions |
-complex substance broken down -breaking bonds -energy is released -energy is normally released so it can be used in a new reaction
ie. glycogen to glucose molecules |
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Exchange Reactions |
bonds broken in 2 separate compounds one part of a molecule transferred to another |
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Metabolism |
all the chemical reactions that occur in the bodily cells |
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Catabolism |
type of metabolism breaking down molecules often releases energy
ultimate end products: CO2, H2O, other wastes |
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Anabolism |
type of metabolism building up molecules
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Water |
-most abundant -most important -inorganic molecule -polar -high specific heat capacity -high heat vaporization -important so we can ionize and transfer around body |
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Types of Metabolism |
1.) catabolism 2.) anabolism |
