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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cell |
the basic unit/structure of all living things (Schwan and sheldon) |
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who said "all living things come from pre-existing cells"? |
virchow |
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cell size is limited by __ __ to __ __. |
surface are to volume ratio |
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fluid mosaic model (FMM): |
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inclusion |
a misc. category not an organelle. a body or particle recognizably distinct from the substance in which it is embedded. |
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organelles |
are found only in eukaryotic cells and are absent from the cells of prokaryotes such as bacteria.provides a variety of functions bound within eukaryotic cells |
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mitochondria |
the site of aerobic cellular respiration contain cristae, which increase the surface area. has it's own DNA: important in the search for eve used in forensics such as 9/11 |
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melas |
Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome, a rare form of dementia caused by mutations in the genetic material (DNA) in the mitochondria.a person has stroke-like symptoms and their lactic acid is up |
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LHON |
a progressive disease in which you don't get enough energy to the eye. may go blind. |
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ribosomes |
where your cell assembles proteins |
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endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell smooth: lacks ribosomes rough: builds protein products |
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golgi apparatus: |
has 40 known functions, some include: ceasing raw material puts together material stores material puts material out often referred to as "factory-like" or "the post office" also associated with the production of microbodies |
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lysosomes |
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane. |
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tay sachs |
the most painful infantile death; an lysosome defection higher in people of Jewish decent tt homozygous recessive |
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peroxisomes |
breaks down hydrogen peroxide |
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adrenoleukodystrophy |
peroxisomal dysfunction can bring about nerve damage lethal infantile death |
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cytoskeleton |
give the cell its shape contain microfilaments :made up of protein , actin, and myosin micro tubules: made up of tubulin intermediate filaments: made up of the protein keratin. makes cell tougher |
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spherocytosis |
when cells lose their normal shape |
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passive transfer |
type of transfer not involving ATP Ex: diffusion, osmossis |
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diffusion |
the random movement of particles in a system from regions of greater to smaller concentration ex: perfume diffusion from a corner of a room to the whole room |
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how to influence the diffusion rate |
1. increase temperature 2. increase pressure |
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osmosis |
the moving of water in a system |
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solute |
what is dissolved |
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solvent |
what the solute is dissolved in |
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hypertonic solution |
salinity |
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hypotonic solution |
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isotonic solution |
balancing the outside and the inside world. this happens in plasma. |
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active transfer |
a type of transfer that uses ATP |
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sodium potassium pump |
a type of pump that pumps sodium; potassium in cell
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calcium pump |
a tpe of pump that brings calcium into the cell |
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proton/hydrogen pump |
a type of pump that brings hydrogen into the cell helps maintain a constant pH |
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cystic fibrosis (cf) |
an example of pump failure over 900 mutations; one including delta 508 (respiratory problems , rep. organs, and sweat glands) |
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hyperkalemic period paralysis (HPP) |
A sodium potassium pump problem that effects your nervous system. brought about by stress |
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long Q-T |
a sodium potassium pump error associated with deafness and heart problems Q on EKG is elongated |
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cell cycle |
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growth hormones |
regulate the cell clock |
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acromegaly |
growth is normal at birth and in childhood they start hitting an unbelievable growth spurt |
