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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
-Rough: synthesizes proteins for secretion, plasma membrane, and lysosomes -Smooth: site of steroid, fatty acid, phospholipid sythesis -moves molecules across cell -stores newly synthesized molecules -smooth ER detoxifies drugs, alcohol |
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Ribosomes |
-free ribosomes synthesize protein for cell use -fixed ribosomes synthesize proteins for plasma membrane, export, or lysosomes |
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Golgi Apparatus |
-modifies plasma membrane -packages enzymes for lysosomes -sorts all materials for delivery to plasma membrane |
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Lysosome |
-digests all materials entering via endocytosis (microbes, solutes, special molecules) -removes worn-out, damaged organelles/cellular components; recycles small molecules for resynthesis -digests the remains after cell death |
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Mitochondria |
-produces ATP by cellular respiration -contains own DNA -similar to, likely once was bacteria |
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Peroxisome |
-detoxifies harmful substances -converts hydrogen peroxide to water |
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Cytoskeleton |
-structural support of cell -cytosol streaming -cell motility -movement of organelles, material thru cell -movement of chromosomes during cell division |
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Centrosomes |
-important in forming cilia, flagella -cellular division |
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Nucleus |
-contains genetic material (directs all cell activity, regulates structure) -assembly of ribosomal subunits within nucleus |
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Plasma Membrane |
-receptors recognize, respond to molecular signals -establishes flexible boundary, protects cell contents, supports cell structure -phospholipid bilayer separates substances inside, outside cell -regulates entry, exit of ions, nutrients, waste molecules |
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Passive Transport |
-def: from high to low concentrations, needs no energy -ex: Diffusion, Osmosis (water) |
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Active Transport |
-def: from low to high concentration, needs energy -ex: Ion pumps, Exo-, Endocytosis |
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Exocytosis & Endocytosis |
-Exocytosis: large molecules secreted from cell, increase cell size -Endocytosis: receptor mediated, decreases cell size +Phagocytosis: cellular eating (wbc's) +Pinocytosis: cellular drinking (intestinal cells) |
