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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Joseph Smith
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• Founder of Mormonism.
• 14 years old when he "sees an angel" in 1820 • Told to create Mormonism by God. Finds gold tablets but won't let anyone see them. • By the end of 1830, several hundred followers •charismatic public speaker • Unpopular in NY State. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio to set up a city of God • 1844- a mob of 200 Gentiles attacked the jail and shot smith |
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Mormons In Ohio
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• By 1831, number rose to 1000 members with new colonies in Missouri
• Mormons soon outnumbered non-Mormons. Envy & hatred. •1837- Economic crisis & banks collapse. Non-Mormons lost money in Mormon banks. • It was the last straw- chased out of Kirtland |
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Mormons in Missourri
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• Mormons set up colonies
• Attempts made to stop them voting in elections • Local settlers rioted & destroyed property • Mormons held responsible for all trouble caused, and their leaders are jailed. • Smith condemned to Death • Rumours spread that the Mormons were stirring up he Indians and freeing slaves, the governor declared they were public enemies |
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Mormons in Nauvoo
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• Winter 1838- The Mormons left Missouri Smith was released from prison
• Smith unwilling to go further West because of The Great American Desert. Went to Commerce , Illinois instead • Smith renamed it Nauvoo & Mormons were allowed to develop it as an independent city • Made their own laws. • Hard working Mormons prospered,& by 1844 Nauvoo was the largest city in Illinois. Giant temple dominated the city • The Mormons tried to create an ideal society withy no poor or homeless people • 35,000 Mormons, with more on the way from Europe • most converts from the poor and downtrodden. Promised salvation and a chance to begin a new life • their success made them unpopular with the people of Illinois • 1844- received a revelation from God which, he said, allowed certain Mormons to practise polygamy • Some Mormons thought this was wrong. Smith destroyed a newspaper criticising him which led to him being called a dictator. Taken to jail. • Non-Mormons outraged by polygamy. Upset by fact that Smith was planning to run for president. |
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Brigham Young
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• Became the leader of the Mormons after Smith
• believed Mormons needed • Young had 27 wives • Brilliant organiser and planner and leader |
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Mormons to The Great Salt Lake
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• Learnt about the Great Salt Lake from the Oregon Trail guidebook. Still belonged to Mexico, so if the Mormons moved they would be outside power of U.S gov't
• left Nauvoo in the spring of 1846 • Preparations all winter. Wagons to be built, equipment bought, and food stored. • Feb 1846- Pioneer band crosses frozen Mississippi to set up Camp Israel • At Camp Israel Young explained the journey. Split into a number of a hundred wagons. • Young left with the first wagon train and built rest camps a long the way. At each camp Mormons stayed behind and planted crops and set up workshops for carpenters and blacksmiths • June 1846 Young reached the Missouri River. Built the winter quarters where the Mormons would spend the winter. • spring a plague killed 700 people • April 1847- Young led a pioneer band of 143 men, 3 women and 2 children. All carefully selected for their skills • As they entered the south pass they met Jim Bridger who warned them about the conditions of Great Salt Lake. • Followed rout of the Donner Party |
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The Gold Rush
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• January 1848- James Marshall and s group of men digging in the Sierra foothills discover gold
• visited in May by Sam Brannan • Brannan spreads words in San Fran about the gold •everyone in San Fran catches gold fever. Two thirds of able bodied men in Oregin soon joined • Dec 1848- Easterners take notice •Newspapers take story making claims that people were making $1000 a day. Mid-December the NY and Boston docks were jammed with people travelling to make their fortune. • around 25,000 reached Cali by boat. Storms seasickness, stale water & food for 10-12?weeks. Thousands followed the cheaper land route in wagons. They crowded frontier towns I.e Independence |
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Acts, Events, & Inventions
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• American Civil War (push)- between the union and confederates between 1861 & 1865
• Homestead Act (1862)- Encouraged people to move West beach family get 160 acres of land. Land given for free of they lived & farmed it for 5 years. • Timber Culture Act (1873)- gave settlers a further 160 acres of free land ( provided they planted 40 acres with trees. • Desert Land Act (1877)- Gave settlers right to buy 640 acres cheaply In areas where lack of rainfall was a problem • Trans-Continent Railroad- 1860s all railroads end in Mississippi. 1866- Pacific Union Railroad company laying track at Omaha |
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Manifest Destiny
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- Texas (taken in 1845)
- Oregon (taken in 1846) - California (Taken in 1846 after the war with the Mexicans) - The Prairies (home to the plains Indians) |
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Manifest Destiny
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- Texas (taken in 1845)
- Oregon (taken in 1846) - California (Taken in 1846 after the war with the Mexicans) - The Prairies (home to the plains Indians) |
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Push Factors
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• Economic depression- 1837 when the Banks collapse.
• Overcrowding I.e Mississippi |
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Manifest Destiny
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- Texas (taken in 1845)
- Oregon (taken in 1846) - California (Taken in 1846 after the war with the Mexicans) - The Prairies (home to the plains Indians) |
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Push Factors
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• Economic depression- 1837 when the Banks collapse.
• Overcrowding I.e Mississippi |
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Pull factors
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• Huge amount of land for the taking in Cali
• Govm't pass a bill stating that if farmers build a home and clear some trees then they could buy the land |
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Self Governing Windmills
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• David Halliday
•1874 • Pumped water from the Ground |
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Barbed Wire
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• 1874
• Joseph Glidden |
