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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 ways of grading cotton
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-Color
-Length -Character |
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neps
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tangles - will dye
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motes
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unsprouted cotton seeds - won't take dye
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3 types of retting
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-chemical
-water -dew |
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Ramie
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linen-like, blended with cotton
-highly crystalline; low resiliency and elongation. -very strong |
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Hemp
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long fibers; worst elongation; very cool; mildew resistant
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Coir
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from coconut; abrasion and weather resistant; Ropes, baskets, door mats
in Sri Lanka |
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Kapok
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from Java kapok tree. Used in inflatables because bouyant and waterproof
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Pina
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used in Philippine ritual clothing; soft, sheer fabric from pineapples
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Jute
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biblical sackcloth; ropes, etc. very short and weak
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Merino
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has no guard (kemp) hair
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Mohair
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from angora sheep; less felting; finer, long, tougher, shinier, no crimp
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Angora
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from angora rabbit. soft, hard to dye
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quiviut
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from musk ox; clean; warmer than cashmere
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Camel hair
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from bactrian; lightest and warmest; can't be dyed or bleached;
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Cashmere
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from cashmere goat; very soft, very fine; no medulla, still warm;
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Alpaca and llama
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soft, good drape, less felting
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Vicuna
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very soft, most expensive, cinnamon-colored
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Duppioni
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overlapping, thick silk fibers
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4 manufacturing processes
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melt, wet, dry, solvent
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Fiber Modifications
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Size
Shape Structure (crystallinity, orientation, etc) Additives After-spinning process Bicomponent |
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Why modify crystallinity? results?
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Increase polymerization, lower pilling, binding, higher or lower elongation and tenacity
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Additive uses:
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delustering polyester; dyeing; whitening and brightening; adding chemicals to help dye take; antistatic, UV resistant, flame resistant, etc.
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3 kinds of bico:
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side by side (crimp), core and sheath (melting of batting), matrix fibril (dyeable and non-dyeable olefin)
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Flax harvesting:
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Rippling; Retting; Rinse and Dry; Scutching; Hackling,
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