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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are yarns and threads made from |
fibres; 1.yarns made from filaments are smooth 2. yarns made from stable fibres are hairier |
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name some natural fibres |
1.cotton 2.linen 3.silk 4.wool |
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what are regenerated fibres |
made from natural materials (cellulose from wood pulp) that are chemically treated to produce fibres. |
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what are synthetic fibres |
They are man made fibres. They are made from polymers - long chains of molecules, these come from oi or coal. E.g polyester, lycra and acrylic - produced from oil nylon made from coal |
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describe a plain weave |
The simplest weave 1. the weft yarn passes over and under alternate warp yarns - unpatterned 2. Hard-wearing 3. smooth finish 4.cheapest weave e.g cotton |
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describe a twill weave |
1. creates a diagonal pattern on surface of fabric. 2. stronger and drapes better than plain weave E.g denim |
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describe a satin weave |
1. the weft goes over four or more warp threads and under one 2.the long weft yarns on surface catch the light, makes shiny fabrics e.g satin 3. can snag easy, delicate |
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name the 3 woven yarns |
plain weave twill weave satin weave |
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name the 2 non woven fibres |
1. bonded fabrics 2. felted fabrics |
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name the 2 knitted yarns |
1. WEFT -knitted yarns - travels ACROSS the fabric, stretch easy e.g jumpers, socks, t shirts 2. WARP -knitted yarns- travels UP the fabric, stretch but keep their shape, e.g tights,swimwear, fleeces |
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what is meant by the selvedge on a woven fabric |
where the weft yarns wrap around the war yarns at the edge of the fabric |
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Cotton; 1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good points 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. denim, corduroy, calico 2. Strong, hard-wearing ,absorbent , comfortable to wear, cool in hot weather, fairly cheap 3. creases easy, highly flammable, poor elasticity,can shrink when washed,dries slow. 4. Jeans, t-shirts,blouses 5. NATURAL |
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wool; 1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good points 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1.knitted fabrics, tweed, jersey, felt 2.warm, absorbent, good elasticity, low flammability, crease resistant 3.can shrink when washed, dries slow, expensive 4.suits, jumpers,dresses, carpets 5. NATURAL |
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linen; 1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good points 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. linen 2.strong, absorbent, good drape, comfy, low flammability 3.creases bad, flammable, expensive 4. trousers, summer suits, dresses 5. NATURAL |
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silk;
1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good points 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. satin, chiffon, oraganza 2.smooth, absorbent, good drape, comfy, not very flammable 3. expensive, crease easy, may shrink when washed, weak when wet 4.dresses, lingerie, shirts ,ties 5. NATURAL |
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viscose; 1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good points 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. rayon 2.absorbent, soft, comfy, easy to wash, cheap 3. flammable, not hard wearing, poor elasticity 4. lingerie, dresses,suits,linings 5.REGENERATED |
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acetate; 1.good points 2.bad points 3.uses 4.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. soft, comfy, washable, good drape, cheap 2. flammable, not absorbent, not hard wearing, not elastic 3.linings 4.REGENERATED |
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POLYESTER 1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good points 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1.dacron 2. strong, hard wearng, low flammability, elastic, cheap, resists creasing, dries quick 3.not absorbent, not biodegradable 4. sports wear, bedsheets, curtains, cushion 5.SYNTHETIC |
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elastane 1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good point 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. lycra 2.very elastic, strong ,head wearing, lightweight 3. non absorbent, flammable, not biodegradable 4. sports wear, swimwear,underwear 5.SYNTHETIC |
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Polyamide 1.Name the fabrics its used in 2.good points 3.bad points 4.uses 5.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. nylon 2. strong, hard wearing, warm, elastic, crease resistant, cheap 3. not absorbent, damaged by sunlight 4.sportswear, tights socks, furnishings 5.SYNTHETIC |
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acrylic 1.good points 2.bad points 3.uses 4.TYPE OF FIBRE |
1. strong, soft, warm, insulating, elastic, crease resistant, lightweight, doesn't shrink, cheap 2. not absorbent, flammable, affected by static 3. fake fur, knitted clothes 4. SYNTHETIC |
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If i wanted warm clothes, what fibres should i use |
wool or acrilic |
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Chemical dyes; 1. name the advantages 2. name the disadvantages |
1. Colours are brighter , easier and cheaper to make, exactly the same colours can be made repeatedly 2. some are toxic, they can be harmful to people and the enviroment |
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What are natural dyes made from |
beetroot, onions, tea, raspberries or flowers |
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Name 3 techniques of dyeing |
1. batch dyeing 2. tie dye 3.batik |
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name 3 techniques of printing |
1.block printing 2. flat bed screen printing 3.screen printing |
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name 3 decorative enhancements |
1.applique 2.quilting 3.embroidery 4.beading |
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name the advantages of zip 2. name disdvantages |
1. theyre secure, they are quick to attach, they ay flat, they are hard wearing 2. they can snag fabrics, they are hard to replace |
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Advantages of TOGGLES AND BUTTONS 2. disadvantages |
1. easy to replace and attach, colours can match fabric, add decoration 2. they can fall off - chocking hazard, not very string, damage in the wash |
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Advantages of velcro 2.disadvantages |
1. safe and soft (for kids), can be machine washed, hard wearing. 2. hooks collect fibres and become less sticky, not decorative. |
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Name the 5 ways the textiles industry can harm the environment |
1.disposal of waste materials 2. Transport pollution 3. Disposal of toxic chemicals 4. Pollution and use of materials 5.problems caused by cotton farming |
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Name the 5 ways the textiles industry can harm the environment |
1.disposal of waste materials 2. Transport pollution 3. Disposal of toxic chemicals 4. Pollution and use of materials 5.problems caused by cotton farming |
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Name the problems with fashion trends |
To keep up with the changes in fashion, manufacturers often made cheap low quality products that don't last long |
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What does the lion mark logo mean |
Shows a toy has been made by a member of the British toy and hobby association who agrees to stick to strict safety, marketing and ethical guidelines |
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What does the CE mark mean |
The manufacturers claim that the product meets the essential safety standards, allowing it to be sold throughout Europe |
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Whats Tailors chalk |
To transfer markings onto fabric, they can wash off |
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What is a pattern master |
Helps you draw paper patterns; Use curved edge to mark out smooth curves and the parallel lines to mark out extra width or seam allowance |
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what is an advantage to the blend of cotton and polyester |
cotton- hard wearing, absorbent, soft, dries slow, creases easy, flammable. Polyester - hard wearing, non absorbent,not soft, dries quick, doesn't crease, doesn't shrink, not flammable blend - strong, less absorbent, soft, comfortable, resists creasing, doesn't shrink, but is flammable |
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what is the advantage of mixing cotton and elastane |
cotton - absorbent, soft, not stretchy, strong elastane - not absorbent, stretchy, crease resistant. mix - strong, stretches,comfortable, crease resistant, can be dyed easy. |
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what type of weave is this? advantages? uses? |
plain weave strong, holds shape well, smooth finish, cheapest. cotton based fabrics |
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what type of weave is this? Advantages? uses? |
twill weave stronger and drapes better denim |
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what type of weave? advantages? uses? |
satin weave smooth surface, but snags and is delicate. satin |
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name some components |
zips, velcro , ribbon, buttons, toggles, press studs, hook and eye |
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what are dome electronic components can be added to a product for deco |
led lights, heart rate and blood pressure sensors, electronic switches to operate ipods and phones, wadding that insulates when cold. |
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what are interfacings? what do they do? |
extra layers of fabric hidden in product they give strength, stability and support. |
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what are some manufactored components you can use in your design |
1. threads 2. trimmings 3. interfacings 3. labels 4.motifs 5.electronic conponents |
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what are some fabric finishes done using chemicals |
flame retardance, water resistance, stain resistance, shrink resistant, crease resistant, thermochromic dyes. |
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what are some mechanical fabric finishes that can be used |
1.fabric brushing- soft raised surface, keeps body warm 2. calendering- smooth and shiny 3. pre-shrinkage |
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what are the advantages and disadvantages of applique |
advantages- strengthens base fabric, uses scraps of material and reduces waste, adds colour and texture disadvantages- requires lots of material, adds weight and thickness |
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name 3 types of applique |
padded, reverse,regular applique |
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name some printing techniques |
block printing, flat bed screening, commercial flt bed screening, rotary screen printing |
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what are the advantages and disadvantages of commercial screen printing? |
advantages - intricate patterns and colours can be repeated accuratley, much quicker and large about of fabric can be printed on at once, computar controlled disadvantages - setting up machinery is expensive, screen printing takes a long time unless done with cad cam |
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explain how to dye using batik |
1. stretch fabric across a frame then apply hot wax with a brush to create a pattern 2. once wax is dry, paint the dye on the fabric or immerse in a dye bath. 3. iron the wax off to reveal the pattern |
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what is included on a fabric care label? |
fibre content care symbols extra care intructions the size the brand |
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what is a CAD/CAM machine? |
CAM adds decorative stitches and CAD software allows you to produce your own designs. |
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name 4 types of seams |
plain seam french seam flat felled seam overlocked seam |
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name 3 ways to finish an edge |
zig zag edge with pinking shears overlocker hems |
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name 3 ways to add shape to your products |
darts tucks and pleats gathers |
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what are 6 types of cad cam machines |
cutting machines sewing machines embroidery and knitting machines fabric printers plotter/cutters pressing machines |
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what are the advantages and disadvantages to CAD CAM machines |
advantages- designs can be cheaply and quickly modelled, changes can be made quick and easy, sent across world on email, can minimise waste by laying pattern out effectively, sped up production processes, more accurate, high quality products and less waste, cuts down labour costs. Disadvantages- initial cost is high, workers need training this can be expensive, viruses and power cuts can destroy work |
