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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are some performance enhancing characteristics of finishes?
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- water resistant
- wind proof - stain resistant - wrinkle resistant - static resistant - shrinkage control |
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What are some aesthetic enhancing characteristics of finishes on fabric?
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- affects hand, texture, and/or appearance
- stiffness - luster - shine - surface - colour |
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What are the three main categories of finishes on fabrics?
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1. thermal
2. chemical 3. mechanical |
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What are some aesthetic finishes given to a fabric, name the main category and sub categories of each.
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1. calendered- embossing, moire, glazing
2. abraisive- napping and brushing, sueding and sanding, flocking, burnout, denim finishing 3. other- stiffening, pleating, plisse |
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what are routine finishes? name some sub-categories of it.
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routine finishes are finishes given to a fabric to prepare it for dyeing or being sold in a store. Some of these finishes include: bleaching, scouring, sizing, desizing, singeing, tentering, calendering, mercerization, fulling, beetling, weighting.
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Name the main categories of functional finishes given to fabrics.
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1. moisture management
2. phase change materials 3. repellant and release 4. wrinkle resistant and durable press 5. antimicrobial 6. shrinkage control 7. flame retardant |
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briefly describe the effect embossing, glazing and cire and moire give to fabrics
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embossing creates texture by giving the fabric a raised three-dimensional effect. The raised effect is produced by passing the fabric between an etched roller and a soft surface roller. The design from the engraved roller is imprinted on the fabric.
moire- gives a watermark, water-stained, and wood grain look to a fabric glazing and cire- glazing gives a lustrous and shiny affect to fabric and is used in upholstery fabrics cire is used for thermoplastic fibers- gives fabric a waxy look to it |
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describe the different techniques used for abrasive finishes as well as flocking.
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abrasive- napping, brushing sanding and sueding
flocking- creates a design on the fabric using tiny cut up fibers that stick to the surface of a fabric |
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describe the different techniques used for burn-out and denim finishes.
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burn-out- process of dissolving one type of fiber in a fabric which creates a pattern or burn out
denim finishes- include wet and dry processes wet processes- stone washing, chemical washing, enzyme washing dry finishes- hand sanding, sandblasting, brushing, destruction, laser burning and lazer discharge. |
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describe the "phase change materials" finish for functional finishes given to fabrics.
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phase change materials provides comfort by regulating the temperature next to the skin, based on environmental conditions.
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describe the "phase change materials" finish for functional finishes given to fabrics.
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phase change materials provides comfort by regulating the temperature next to the skin, based on environmental conditions.
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name some subcategories of repellent and release functional finish for a fabric.
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water repellent, water proof, stain repellent, stain release,
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what are the different ways in which a fabric can be printed on?
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hand method: block, batik, tie-dye, ikat, hand-screen and transfer
mechanized: roller, flatbed screen, rotary screen, heat transfer, digital, others. |
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What are the different fabric finishes used for in clothing? name one end use for each of the categories for finishes
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1. A durable press is used for cotton and cotton blend shirts.
2. Stain-resistant finishes (Teflon®, Nano-Care®) are used for men's shirts, pants, and ties. 3. Water-repellent fabrics are used for all-weather coats and jackets. 4. Antimicrobial finishes are applied to socks, shoes, undergarments, and sportswear to control odor-causing bacteria. 5.Velvet with burn-out designs is used for dresses and formal gowns. 6. Flocked fabrics are used for girls' formal dresses. 7. Burn-out, pleated and flocked fabrics are used for blouses, skirts, and dresses. 8. Napped fabrics are used for men's flannel shirts and other winter apparel as they provide insulation; they are used for men's, women's, and children's robes and sleepwear. 9. Plissé and embossed fabrics are used for women's sleepwear. |
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how are some of the fabric finishes used for textiles for the interior?
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1. Embossed materials are used for shower curtains.
2. Burn-out designs are used for curtains. 3. Glazed and ciré finished fabrics are used for upholstered furniture, draperies, and matching bedspreads, especially in hotels. 4. Flocked material is used under lamp bases to prevent damage to the surface of tables, counters, and other furniture. |
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Where does nylon come from? when was it made? and name some pros and cons of it.
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-made from petroleum, 1940
pros: flexible, drys quickly, tensile strength, durable, takes dye easily cons: pilling, sensitive to heat, non-breathable, can yellow, snags easily |
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What are some commercial fabrics made from nylon?
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surplex, taffeta, Gortex, swimwear, spandex, oxford, satin nylon, nylon mesh/netting
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Where does lyocell come from? when was it commercially available? and name some pros and cons of it.
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- comes from the dissolved cellulose from recycled paper or wood pulp
- was available in 1992 pros: good drape, environmentally friendly, good wrinkle resistance, very strong cons: difficult for dyes to bind to, can be expensive, pills, low surface energy. |
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What are some commercial fabrics made from lyocell?
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tencel denim, tencel wool, sandwashed tencel- made into dresses, blouses, slacks, coats, jeans.
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Where does acrylic come from? when was it commercially available? and name some pros and cons of it.
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is produced from acrylonitrile
- first made in 1950 pros: does not wrinkle, crush resistant, good demensional stability, retains shape well, excellent resistance to sunlight. |
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What are some commercial fabrics made from acrylic?
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thermal blankets, tweed-suiting,cold weather apparel, felt/melton cloth, apparel uses: sweaters, cardigans, jogging suits, active sportswear apparel, socks, underwear, linings and jackets, hair pieces.
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Where does spandex come from? when was it commercially available? and name some pros and cons of it.
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spendex is made from a long chain synthetic polymeric fiber. Was avaiable in the 1960's
pros:good elastic recovery, good fit, hydrophobic, comfortable, wrinkle resistant, durable cons: low tenacity, hydrophobic, poor abrasion resistance, hard to sew, low breathability, static |
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What are some commercial fabrics made from spandex?
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supplex, terrycloth, chambray, denim, nylon, fake fur, lace, velvet, tricot, moleskin
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Where does rayon comes from? when was it commercially available? and name some pros and cons of it.
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rayon comes from mulberry pulp cellulose
- available in 1891 pros: flexible, many variations, lightweight, cotton-like, drapes wel, holds dye well cons: petroleum by-product, bamboo versions are not that green, fades with exposure to sunlight, wrinkles easily. |
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What are some commercial fabrics made from rayon?
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lenzing modal (t-shirts), bemberg rayon (lining), Viscose (shirts+pants) butcher cloth (pants, jackets)
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Where does polyester come from? when was it commercially available? and name some pros and cons of it.
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Polyester is made from several chemical compounds
- available in 1941 pros: good drape, does not wrinkle, retains shape cons: pilling, uncomfortable in heat, extremely low moisture absorption, prone to static buildup. |
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what are some commercial fabrics made from polyester?
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dotted swiss, crystal pleated, crushes panne velvet, plisse, foil point, digital print, fleece, china silk.
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Where does acetate come from? when was it commercially available? and name some pros and cons of it.
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acetate is produced by acetylation. was available in 1910
pros: cheaper compared to satin, durable, breathable cons: needs dry-cleaning, needs a special way of dying to prevent fading |
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Name some commercial fabrics made from acetate.
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moire faille, katcha cloth- made into lining, dresses, lingeriem knitted garments, blouses
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What is mandatory to have on a label of clothing?
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the size, company name, care, fiber content
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What is fabric testing? Why is it done?
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fabric testing is a series of tests that a fabric has to go through to determine if it is eligible enough to sell in a store.
fabric testing is done to determine a fabrics physical properties including pill resistance, how fast a fagric tears, breaking point, care labels, shrinkage, colour fastness, perspiration test, breathability, wind proof, warm, wickability |
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What can you learn about a fiber from burning it?
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you can learn if a fabric is regenerated cellulose, manmade synthetic or natural due to the way it burns and how it smells
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list 10 other different kinds of test that fabrics undergo?
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windproof, wickability, color fastness, perspiration test, care labels, tearing strength, breaking point, how fast a fabric tears, strain resistance, pill resistance, abraision.
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What are 3 reasons fro the existence of the textile labelling and advertising regulations?
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1. to see how one should care for a garment without ruining it
2. alergies (wool) 3. quality of the fabric |
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be able to create a legal label for a garment
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!!
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Describe how the care label system works.
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the tag of a clothing item usually says how it should be washed, bleached, drying and ironing. If the garment shouldn't be bleached or ironed, it would have an X through the symbol which indicated to never iron, bleach, etc.
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why are fibers organized into categories?
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fibers are organized into categories in order to let people know if a fiber is a man made synthetic or natural fiber (this determines how a fiber is made and where it comes from)
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