Test Review Joints E7

Front 1

Abduction

Back 1

Movement of an articulating bone of a joint along the frontal/coronal plane away from the longitudinal axis of the body

Front 2

Acromioclavicular joint

Back 2

Formed between the clavicle and the scapula

Front 3

Adduction

Back 3

The movement of a joint toward the midline of the trunk

Front 4

Amphiarthrosis

Back 4

A slightly movable joint that connects bone to bone with fibro cartilage or halide growth cartilage

Front 5

Anatomic Range of Motion

Back 5

Amount of motion available to a joint based on the structure of the joint and determined by the shape of joint surfaces, joint capsule, ligaments, muscle bulk and surrounding musculotendinous bony structures

Front 6

Arthritis

Back 6

Literally meaning "inflammation of the joint," the most common type of joint disorder

Front 7

Articulation

Back 7

Another term for a joint, when two or more bones meet to connect parts and allow for movement in the body

Front 8

Avulsion

Back 8

Injury to a ligament or tendon involving the treating off of its attachments

Front 9

Ball and Socket Joint

Back 9

Joints allow movement in many directions around a central point. Ball and Socket joints are ball-shaped convex surfaces fired into concave sockets. This type of joint gives the greatest freedom of movement but also is the most easily dislocated

Front 10

Bursa

Back 10

Term for a flat sac of synovial membrane in which the inner sides of the sac are seperates by fluid film. Bursae are located where moving structures are apt to rub

Front 11

Cartilage

Back 11

Hyaline, fibrous, and elastic are all types of cartilage

Front 12

Circumduction

Back 12

Means to move a limb in a circular manner

Front 13

Collagen

Back 13

A protein substance composed of small fibrils that combine to create the connective tissue of fasciae, tendons, and ligaments. When combined with water, it forms gelatin. Collagen constitutes approximately 1/4 of the protein in the body.

Front 14

Condyloid

Back 14

Movement in 2 directions, but with one moron predominating

Front 15

Connective Tissue Structures found in or around joints

Back 15

A characteristic of ligaments, tendons, menisci, and Sesamoid bones

Front 16

Costospinal Joints

Back 16

Allow gliding motion between the rib and an adjoining vertebra

Front 17

Creep

Back 17

The slow movement of visco elastic materials back to their original state and tissue structure after release of a deepening force

Front 18

Depression

Back 18

Bones moved in inferior direction

Front 19

Diarthrosis

Back 19

The term for a freely movable synovial joint

Front 20

Dorsiflexion

Back 20

When you stand on your heel--opposite plantar flexion

Front 21

Elastin

Back 21

Tissue fiber has elastic properties and allows flexibility of connective tissue structures

Front 22

Elevation

Back 22

Bone moves in superior direction

Front 23

Eversion

Back 23

Opposite of inversion. For is moved so that the sole faces outward

Front 24

Extension

Back 24

Opposite movement of flexion. Angle between articulating bones is increased in the anterior/posterior plane

Front 25

Fibro cartilage

Back 25

Connective tissue that permits little motion in joints and structures, is found in places such as the intervertebral Disks and forms the ears

Front 26

Fibrous Joint

Back 26

An articulation in which fibrous tissue connects bone directly to bone, in fibrous joints, the space between bones is filed with fibrous connective tissue

Front 27

Flexion

Back 27

Movement in the anterior/posterior plane that reduces the angle between the articulating bones

Front 28

Ganglion

Back 28

What are cystic, round, usually nontender swellings located along tendon sheaths or joint capsules

Front 29

Gibbus

Back 29

Term for an angular deformity of a collapsed vertebra

Front 30

Glenohumeral Joint

Back 30

The most freely movable joint in the body, Ball and Socket Joint. Main joint of the shoulder. Also known as the shoulder joint

Front 31

Gliding

Back 31

When articular surfaces are relatively flat, articulating surfaces can move forward and backward or from side to side. Similar to moving a book over a surface of a table without lifting the book

Front 32

Gliding Joint

Back 32

Allows only a sliding motion in various planes

Front 33

Hinge

Back 33

Joints allow flexion and extention in one direction, changing the angle of the bones at the joint

Front 34

Hip

Back 34

The joint most likely to develop osteoarthritis

Front 35

Horizontal Abduction

Back 35

Moving an abducted body part backward in the transverse or horizontal plane--lowering the body down in a push up

Front 36

Horizontal Adduction

Back 36

Moving an adducted body part forward in the transverse or horizontal plane--pushing the body up in a push up

Front 37

Hyaline Cartilage

Back 37

The thin covering of articular connective tissue on the ends of the bones in freely movable joints in the adult skeleton. Hyaline Cartilage forms a smooth resilient, low-friction surface for the articulation of one bone with another, distributes forces, and helps absorb some of the pressure imposed on the joint surfaces

Front 38

Hyperextention

Back 38

Some joints can be articulated beyond anatomical positions

Front 39

Hypermobility

Back 39

A range of motion of a joint greater than what would be permitted normally by the structure and results in instability

Front 40

Hypomobility

Back 40

Range of motion of joints less than what would be permitted normally by the structure

Front 41

Inversion

Back 41

Movement in which the foot is moved so that the sole of the foot faces inward. Opposite Eversion

Front 42

Joint Stabilizers

Back 42

Ligament, tendons, and joint capsule

Front 43

Knee

Back 43

The patella, the tibia and femur articulate at the knee stabilize joints

Front 44

Lateral Rotation

Back 44

External or outward rotation, bone rotation away from the midline of the body

Front 45

Medial Rotation

Back 45

Internal rotation, inward rotation, bone rotation toward the midline of the body

Front 46

Opposition

Back 46

The movement of touching your thumb to each of your fingers

Front 47

Play

Back 47

Involuntary movement that occurs between articular surfaces, is seperated from the range of motion of a joint produced by muscles, and must occur for normal functioning of the joint

Front 48

Plastic

Back 48

When connective tissue is permanently deformed and is unable to return to it's original state

Front 49

Pathologic Range of Motion

Back 49

The motion of a joint that either fails to reach it's normal range or exceeds it's normal limits of motion

Front 50

Physiologic

Back 50

The nervous system, using information provided by joint sensory receptor sets

Front 51

Physiologic Range of Motion

Back 51

The range of motion limits set by the joint sensory receptors. Amount of motion available to joint determined by nervous system from information provided by joint sensory receptors. Prevents joints from being positioned such that injury could occur

Front 52

Pivot

Back 52

Bony projection from one bone that fits into a "ring" formed by another bone and ligament structure to allow rotation around is own axis

Front 53

Plantar Flexion

Back 53

Movement at the ankle when you stand on your toes--opposite dorsiflexion

Front 54

Plastic Range

Back 54

Range of movement of connective tissue that is taken beyond elastic limits. Tissues permanently deform and cannot return to original shape

Front 55

Radioulnar joint

Back 55

Provides pronation and supination

Front 56

Protraction

Back 56

The movement in which you jut your jaw out, moving the 3 bones anteriorly in the horizontal plane

Front 57

Retraction

Back 57

Moving the bone posterity in the horizontal plane

Front 58

Rotation

Back 58

Rotation is a form of movement in which a bone moves around central axis without undergoing any displacement from this axis

Front 59

Rupture

Back 59

The term for the tearing or disruption of connective tissue fibers that takes place when they exceed the limits of plastic range

Front 60

Sacrioliac and Symphysis Pubis

Back 60

Joints that connect the pelvis to the trunk

Front 61

Saddle Joint

Back 61

Convex in one plane and concave in the other, with the surfaces fitting together

Front 62

Sagittal Suture

Back 62

An example of a synarthrotic fibrous Joint

Front 63

Stabilize Joints

Back 63

Ligaments, joint capsule, tendons

Front 64

Suture

Back 64

A synarthrotic joint in which 2 bony components are united by a thin layer of dense fibrous tissue

Front 65

Symphysis

Back 65

Two bony components that are joined directly by fibro cartilage in the form of a disk or plate

Front 66

Synarthrosis

Back 66

A limited movement, nonsynovial joint

Front 67

Synarthrotic Fibrous Joint

Back 67

Sagittal Suture

Front 68

Synchondrosis

Back 68

Joint in which the material used for connecting the two components is hyaline cartilage--where the connecting medium is hyaline Cartilage, a cartilaginous joint is termed a synchondrosis. An example of a synchondrosis joint is the first sternocostal joint (where the first rib meets the sternum) in this example, the rib articulates with the sternum via the costal cartilage. (The rest of the sternocostal joints are synovial plane joints)

Front 69

Syndesmosis

Back 69

Fibrous Joint in which two bony components are joined directly by a ligament, cord, or aponeurotic

Front 70

Synovial Fluid

Back 70

The thick, colorless, lubricating fluid secreted by the joint cavity membrane

Front 71

Synovial Joint

Back 71

Freely moving joint that allows motion in one or more planes of action

Front 72

Talocrural

Back 72

The anatomical name of the ankle joint

Front 73

Temporomandibular Joint

Back 73

The temporomandibular Joint is used for chewing, swallowing, respiration, and speech