Test One

Front 1

Requirements of an Organism

Back 1

Water, Food, Oxygen, Heat, & Pressure

Front 2

Homeostasis

Back 2

Body's maintenance of a stable internal environment

Front 3

Anatomy

Back 3

Examine the structure of body parts

Front 4

Physiology

Back 4

Considers the function of the body parts "anatomy dictates physiology

Front 5

RBC (red blood cell)

Back 5

Carries oxygen by attaching hemoglobin, size of most capillaries, lives about 120 days

Front 6

Reversible affinity

Back 6

Breathing:

Hb-O2 Hb-CO2

Front 7

Irreversible Affinity

Back 7

Hb-CO decreases Hb-O2

Front 8

Every living cell in our bodies needs:

Back 8

Oxygen

Front 9

Sperm

Back 9

Only example of a flagellum in the body

Front 10

How many different types of cells in our body?

Back 10

200

Front 11

4 Groups of Tissue

Back 11

1. Epithelial

2. Muscles

3. Connective

4. Nervous

Front 12

Epithelial

Back 12

Skin, lining, & glands

Front 13

Muscles

Back 13

Cardiac, smooth, & skeletal; walls of hollow organs & blood vessels

Front 14

Connective

Back 14

Largest group of tissue in the body

Front 15

Smooth muscle

Back 15

Stretches

Front 16

Skeletal muscle

Back 16

Voluntary movement; requires an outside electrical stimulus (brain to spinal cord)

Front 17

Liver

Back 17

Heaviest internal organ

Front 18

Characteristics of Life

Back 18

Movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, & excretion

Front 19

Hypertrophy

Back 19

Increase in size of the existing cell

Front 20

Atrophy

Back 20

Wasting away of the muscle cell (denervation & disuse)

Front 21

Hyperplasia

Back 21

Increase in the number of cells

Front 22

Upper limits of a light microscope

Back 22

1,000 (10x 4, 10, 40, & 100)

Front 23

Only thing to clean a microscope with

Back 23

Lens paper

Front 24

Metabolism

Back 24

Sum of all the reactions in an organism that supports life

Front 25

Ab => A+B

Back 25

Catabolic

Front 26

A+B => AB

Back 26

Anabolic

Front 27

Amino Acids

Back 27

Building blocks of protein (20 of them)

Front 28

Hyper

Back 28

Higher than normal

Front 29

Hypo

Back 29

Lower than normal

Front 30

Pressure at sea level

Back 30

760 mmHg

Front 31

Miles of blood vessels in the body

Back 31

60,000-80,000 miles

Front 32

Average pH balance

Back 32

Less than 7 acidic, 7 average, above 7 is ___

Front 33

Negative Feedback

Back 33

Most of the control mechanisms in the body

(Receptor, control center, & effectors)

Front 34

Positive Feedback

Back 34

Accelerates the action of the body; short lived (child birth, blood clots)

Front 35

Diaphragm

Back 35

Makes the Thoracic cavity expand

Front 36

Serous membrane

Back 36

Produces a thin, watery fluid; found covering all organs and glands

Front 37

Mucus membranes

Back 37

Digestive, reproductive, skin

Front 38

Synovial joints

Back 38

Shoulder, knee, hip, Etc

Front 39

Visceral

Back 39

Covers an organ

Front 40

Visceral

Back 40

Covers an organ

Front 41

Parietal

Back 41

Lines the body wall or cavity

Front 42

Cardiac Tamponade

Back 42

The heart has stopped (tampon means to stop)

Front 43

-itis

Back 43

Inflammation or infection

Front 44

Peritoneum

Back 44

Largest serous membrane in the body

Front 45

5 Folds of the Peritoneum

Back 45

Greater omentum, lesser omentum, falciform, mesentary, & mesocolon

Front 46

Isotopes

Back 46

Have different numbers of neutrons.

Front 47

Isotopes

Back 47

Have different numbers of neutrons.

Front 48

Ion

Back 48

Has either a positive or negative charge with either more protons or electrons

Front 49

Isotopes

Back 49

Have different numbers of neutrons.

Front 50

Ion

Back 50

Has either a positive or negative charge with either more protons or electrons

Front 51

Cation

Back 51

Positively charged ion

Front 52

Anion

Back 52

Negatively charged ion

Front 53

Water

Back 53

High heat capacity, polar molecule, cohesive because of hydrogen bonds, polar covalent, is a solvent, is a lubricant, and changes temp slowly

Front 54

Water

Back 54

High heat capacity, polar molecule, cohesive because of hydrogen bonds, polar covalent, is a solvent, is a lubricant, and changes temp slowly

Front 55

pH in our bodies is maintained by...

Back 55

A buffer system in our blood

Front 56

Water

Back 56

High heat capacity, polar molecule, cohesive because of hydrogen bonds, polar covalent, is a solvent, is a lubricant, and changes temp slowly

Front 57

pH in our bodies is maintained by...

Back 57

A buffer system in our blood

Front 58

A micron is

Back 58

10 to the negative 6

Front 59

Diffusion

Back 59

Movement of material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 60

Diffusion

Back 60

Movement of material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 61

Cell membrane

Back 61

Selectively permeable

Front 62

Diffusion

Back 62

Movement of material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 63

Cell membrane

Back 63

Selectively permeable

Front 64

Cytokinesis

Back 64

Division of the cytoplasm

Front 65

Diffusion

Back 65

Movement of material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 66

Cell membrane

Back 66

Selectively permeable

Front 67

Cytokinesis

Back 67

Division of the cytoplasm

Front 68

Potential energy

Back 68

Stored energy

Front 69

Diffusion

Back 69

Movement of material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 70

Cell membrane

Back 70

Selectively permeable

Front 71

Cytokinesis

Back 71

Division of the cytoplasm

Front 72

Potential energy

Back 72

Stored energy

Front 73

Matter

Back 73

Anything that occupies space

Front 74

Covalent bonds

Back 74

Are the strongest bonds

Front 75

Ionic bknds

Back 75

Involve the gaining and losing of electrons

Front 76

Colloids

Back 76

Heterogenous mixtures that do not settle out

Front 77

Organic componds

Back 77

Carbs & Lipids

Front 78

Isotopes

Back 78

Same number of electrons and protons but different number of neutrons

Front 79

Isotopes

Back 79

Same number of electrons and protons but different number of neutrons

Front 80

Acidic pH

Back 80

Increase in H; lower than 7

Front 81

Isotopes

Back 81

Same number of electrons and protons but different number of neutrons

Front 82

Acidic pH

Back 82

Increase in H; lower than 7

Front 83

Glycogen

Back 83

Stored in the form of glucose, stored in the liver, & stored in skeletal muscle

Front 84

Calcium functions

Back 84

Blood clotting, muscle contractions, & strength in bones and teeth

Front 85

Cells in the body

Back 85

75 trillion cells with 200 types

Front 86

Cells in the body

Back 86

75 trillion cells with 200 types

Front 87

Differentiation

Back 87

When cells specialize

Front 88

Cells in the body

Back 88

75 trillion cells with 200 types

Front 89

Differentiation

Back 89

When cells specialize

Front 90

Cytosole

Back 90

Intracellular fluid; fluid between cell membrane and nucleus

Front 91

Actin & myosin

Back 91

Contractile; overlap of them creates the striation marks in muscle

Front 92

Actin & myosin

Back 92

Contractile; overlap of them creates the striation marks in muscle

Front 93

Neuroglia cell

Back 93

Purple dot in the nucleus; support cells

Front 94

Afferent (dendrites)

Back 94

Going towards

Front 95

Afferent (dendrites)

Back 95

Going towards

Front 96

Efferent (axon)

Back 96

Going away

Front 97

Afferent (dendrites)

Back 97

Going towards

Front 98

Efferent (axon)

Back 98

Going away

Front 99

Phospholipid (bilayer)

Back 99

Heads are hydrophilic and tails are hydrophobic

Front 100

2 types of protein

Back 100

Integral "transmembrane"

Peripheral:

Receptors on target tissues; pores, channels, & carriers; enzymes; self-markers (cell-identity markers)

Front 101

2 types of protein

Back 101

Integral "transmembrane"

Peripheral:

Receptors on target tissues; pores, channels, & carriers; enzymes; self-markers (cell-identity markers)

Front 102

TSH

Back 102

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Front 103

2 types of protein

Back 103

Integral "transmembrane"

Peripheral:

Receptors on target tissues; pores, channels, & carriers; enzymes; self-markers (cell-identity markers)

Front 104

TSH

Back 104

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Front 105

Catalyst

Back 105

Speeds up a reaction

Front 106

Greater Omentum

Back 106

Fatty apron, beer belly (in front of intestines)

Front 107

Lesser Omentum

Back 107

Suspends the stomach from the liver

Front 108

Falciform (curved) ligament

Back 108

Suspends (attaches) the liver to the anterior abdominal wall *liver is the only organ attached to the anterior abdominal wall)

Front 109

Mesentary

Back 109

Attached the small intestines to the posterior abdominal wall

Front 110

Mesocolon

Back 110

Attached the large intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

Front 111

Mediastinum

Back 111

Space between the lungs extending from the sternum to the vertebra - does not contain the lungs

Front 112

11 Organ Systems

Back 112

Skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, & integumentary