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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Factors that control characteristics. Segment of DNA a pair of genes influence physical appearance
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Genes
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Study of heredity
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Genetics
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A strand of DNA
46=23 pairs |
Genomes
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__________ are in the nucleus of the cell.
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Genes
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a form of a cell division where a mother cell divides into two individual daughter cells. A form of asexual reproduction/growth.
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Mitosis
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g1: growth
s: Replication of DNA g2: intense cellular activity in which the cell is producing the proteins and other molecules needed for mitosis |
Interface(Resting Phase)
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The process that reduces the chromosome number to produce gametes for sexual reproduction
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Meiosis
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Sex cell- ovam or sperm. Produced in the sex glands female-overy, male-sperm
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Gametes
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The union of an ovum& a sperm, fertilized
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Zygot
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Is the union of two gametes that result in a diploid zygote that developes into a new individual
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Sexual Reproduction
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Characteristics that every member of a species posseses
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Species Charateristics
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Characteristics such as eyes, hair,skin color,body build, intelligence, and other features that make a person unique.
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Individual Characteristics
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Each DNA strand in a nucleus actually comprises many genes. These long strands of DNA are called ___________.
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Chromosomes
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The shape of a chromosome that is one that already duplicated and is ready for cell division- the last stage. a chromosome in this stage has two indivdule halves what are the halves called?
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Chromatid
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A Chromatid is joined at a consitricted area called _________?
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Centromere.
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Humans actually have 24 pairs of these?
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Homologous
Pairs of Chromosomes |
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Each homologous pair of chromosomes is called a _________?
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Homologue
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When a cell has homologous pairs of chromosomes, it is said to be a_________?
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Diploid
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Some cells have only one set of of chromosomes- they are not paired. These cells are termed as________?
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Haploids
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the first phase of mitosis is_________, during which there are changes in both the necleus adn the cytoplasm.
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Prophase
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Special proteins attach to the to the centromere to form the________?
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Kinetochore
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Special microtubules that will "direct" the movements of the chromosomes during mitosis.
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Mitrotic Spindle
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Extents from the centrosomes, attach to the kinetochore of the centromere, and begin to position them for the next phase.
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Kinetochore Fiber
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Extend out from one centrosome to the middle of the cell to join polar fibers from the opposite centrosome.
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Polar Fibers
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This is the stage when the centromeres are aligned on the equatorial plane.
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Metaphase
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